65 



the leaf by means of their proboscis so firmly that when 

 the skin is cast it remains attached to the leaf. The 

 next stage is the pupal stage, an active stage like we see 

 happens with the Aphis. The pupa has wing-buds, and 

 like the larva feeds beneath the leaf. These two stages 

 (nymphs) are often found side by side, and they do 

 endless harm. Five moults take place before the nymph 

 is matured and ready to change from a crawling into a 

 hopping creature. The second brood appear in September 

 and lay eggs. These hatch into larvae. Winter is passed 

 in larval, pupal and adult stages ; the latter is unusual, 

 however. 



TREATMENT. 



The young, when noticed on the leaves, may be 

 killed by tobacco wash. The adults had best be jarred 

 off the bushes on to tarred boards, or knocked off by a 

 heavy spray of water on to the ground and there killed 

 mechanically, or by spraying a 25 per cent, paraffin 

 emulsion over them. 



Thrips (Thysanoptera). 



The Black Fly, Thunder Fly or Thrips is often 

 found doing damage on Roses. The species is known as 

 Thrips vulgatissima. Thrips are all small insects, the 

 Rose pest being only one-twelfth of an inch long. They 

 have four narrow wings, edged with long fine hairs. The 

 body of the adult is black and the legs pale. The larvae 

 are wingless and reddish yellow, with the head, part of 

 the thorax and the apex of the body black. The nymphs 

 are very similar but brighter. The females lay their 

 eggs on the leaves, and the adults and larvae feed upon 

 the foliage and even blossoms. The effect they produce 

 on the leaves is very similar to that caused by Leaf- 

 hoppers, namely, a mottling of the surface. 



