ROSA. 



THE ENGLISH FLOWER GARDEN. 



819 



that have been injured by severe frosts 

 during the winter, but beyond that little 

 spring pruning is needful. 



NOISETTES. Owing to some of the 

 most important kinds in this group being 

 often classed with the Teas (even in 

 catalogues which class Noisettes apart), 

 there is much confusion. We therefore 

 omit Roses such as Bouquet d'Or, which 

 we group among the Teas. They bloom 

 long and well in clusters, grow freely, and 

 are fragrant and useful for climbing or 

 pillar Roses. If possible they should 

 have a warm and sheltered position, and 

 where the soil is heavy, raised beds are a 

 good way to secure free drainage. The 

 shoots are sometimes injured in hard 

 winters, the best protection being bundles 

 of dried fern or brushwood. The following 

 are good vars. : Aimee Vibert, Celine 

 Forestier, Cloth of Gold, Cornelia Koch, 

 Desprez a Fleur Jaune, Fellenberg, 

 Grandiflora, Isabella Grey, Jeanne d'Arc, 

 Joseph Bernacchi, La Biche, Lamarque, 

 Duchess of Mecklenburg, Madame Car- 

 not, Madame Alfred Carriere, Madame 

 Caroline Kuster, Madame Massot,Ophirie, 

 Solfaterre, Triomphe de Rennes, Unique 

 Jaune. 



THE DAMASK ROSE (R. Damascena} 

 is a native of Syria, whence it was brought 

 to Europe about 1270 by Thibault IV., 

 Count of Brie, returning from a crusade 

 in the Holy Land. The Damasks have 

 pale green leaves, green shoots, with 

 numerous spines, are of free growth and 

 hardy ; the flowers are pretty in form, and 

 very fragrant. They need but little 

 pruning. Among the kinds, besides the 

 common one, are Commandant Beaure- 

 paire, Leda, Madame Hardy, Madame 

 Stoltz, Madame Zoetmans, York and 

 Lancaster (true). 



THE PROVENCE ROSE or Cabbage 

 Rose. Of this the origin is not known, 

 but growing abundantly in Provence, it 

 has received that, name, though the French 

 themselves always call it Rose d Cent- 

 Feuilles. " The rosarian should devote a 

 small bed of rich soil, well manured, to 

 the cultivation of this charming flower, 

 growing it on its own roots, and pruning 

 closely. The Double Yellow Provence 

 Rose, of a rich, glowing, buttercup-yellow 

 as to complexion, and prettily cupped as 

 to form, full of petal, but of medium size, 

 has almost disappeared from our gardens, 

 and I have only seen it at the Stamford 

 shows, sent there from Burleigh. Al- 

 though common at one time in this 

 country, it seems never to have been 

 happy or acclimatised." DEAN HOLE. 



BOURBON ROSES are among the most 



useful of garden Roses, valuable for 

 their autumn flowers. They seem some- 

 what capricious, with the exception of 

 Souvenir de la Malmaison. Among the 

 best kinds are : Armosa, Madame Isaac 

 Periere, Queen, Souvenir de la Mal- 

 maison, Empress Eugenie, Kronprinzen 

 Victoria, Lorna Doone, Madame Baron 

 Veillard, Marquis Balbaino, Mrs. Paul, 

 Purity, President de la Rocheterie, Ro- 

 busta, and Shakespeare. 



ALBA ROSES. The Alba Roses are, 

 from their delicacy of colouring, interest- 

 ing, and thrive under ordinary cultivation. 

 The moderate growers should be pruned 

 closely, not the others. Blanche Belgique, 

 Belle de Segur, Celestial, Felicite", Madame 

 Audot, Madame Legras, and Maiden's 

 Blush are among the best kinds. 



EVERGREEN ROSES (R. sempervirens}. 

 These are Climbing Roses, with large 

 clusters of from ten to fifty blooms each, 

 and holding their dark green shining 

 foliage through a great part of winter ; 

 they are free growers and quite hardy. 

 In pruning, the head should be thinned 

 out, a few of the more pendent shoots 

 being left their whole length. 



GALLICA ROSES. This is an old 

 group, that used to be important, but is 

 no longer so because of the other kinds 

 that have been raised. The many kinds 

 may be distinguished by their stiff erect 

 growth, and require close pruning whilst 

 the flowers are fragrant and varied in hue. 

 The striped varieties of this section (Rosa 

 Mundi, etc.) are often called York and 

 Lancaster. The following are the best 

 known : Boula de Nanteuil, Blanchefleur, 

 Cynthie, D'Aguesseau, Duchess of Buc- 

 cleuch, Kean, (Eillet Parfait, Ohl, Perle 

 des Panachees, Rosa Mundi, Village 

 Maid. 



PENZANCE BRIARS. These are hybrids, 

 raised by the late Lord Penzance, between 

 the Common Sweetbriar and other roses, 

 the most valuable being those derived from 

 the Austrian Briars (R. lutea), of which 

 it is very difficult to obtain pollen. These 

 seedling Briars are of free growth, spread- 

 ing into large bushes, with abundant and 

 often sweet foliage, good single flowers, 

 and a profusion of handsome fruits. 

 They mostly do well on their own roots, 

 and are thus excellent for hedges and 

 even for pillars, though their habit is too 

 spreading for all positions. They need 

 little pruning, and some are so stout as to 

 stand almost free of support. Six good 

 kinds are Lord Penzance, Lady Penzance, 

 Meg Merrilies, Jeanie Deans, Amy Rob- 

 sart, and Flora Mclvor. A strong grower 

 of this class is Anne of Gierstein, with 

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