942 BIGELOVIA. 



SUPPLEMENT. 



CACCINIA GLAUCA. 



that two kinds grow well and flower 

 against the cliffs at Scarborough, proves 

 that the beauty of these quaintly effective 

 plants might be far more widely enjoyed. 



BIGELOVIA (Plumed Golden Rod). 

 Shrubby or half-shrubby perennials of the 

 Golden Rod order, coming from the dry 

 plains and mountain slopes of the Western 

 States of America, as yet little tried in 

 Britain. They thrive in dry soils and 

 sunny places, where they are not over- 

 grown by stronger plants. They are 

 fairly hardy at the root, but not always 

 free in flower save under the best con- 

 ditions. Increase by cuttings or seeds, 

 which germinate readily. 



B. arborescens is a shrubby plant, covered 

 with long, narrow leaves, and crowded heads 

 of yellow flowers 6 to 8 ft. high, and rather 

 pretty. 



B. Bolanderi is about a foot high with viscid 

 stems covered with dense white wool ; its 

 flowers are a bright yellow. 



B. ceruminoBa is a strongly scented shrub. 

 The leaves are sticky and needle-like, and the 

 flowers a pretty pale yellow. 



B. Cooperi is a low growing plant with very 

 narrow almost needle-like leaves and heads of 

 yellow flowers. 



B. Douglasii varies from I to 6 ft. in 

 height, forming a stout, shrubby column or 

 pyramid, with narrow leaves and bright yellow 

 flowers. 



B. graveolens, the best known species, is of 

 shrubby habit and from I to 6 ft. high, much 

 branched, and thickly covered with narrow 

 light green leaves about 2 in. long and 

 covered with white silky wool. The flowers 

 appear as heads of 4 to 6 in., very fragrant 

 and of a pale yellow, lasting from the middle 

 of summer to late autumn. Though free- 

 flowering in southern gardens and in a good 

 year, further north it blooms less freely and is 

 sometimes injured by spring frosts. Of 

 B. graveolens there are several forms : 

 albicaulis (Dwarf Princess' Plume) with leaves 

 more densely woolly and the tube of the 

 flowers covered with long spreading hairs ; it 

 forms a low, rounded tuft of about a foot, 

 each spray ending in a little golden plume. 

 This is useful for edgings and low hedges. 

 Other kinds are holoZeuca, covered with 

 woolly hairs so densely as to resemble a coat 

 of wool ; and glabrata, which bears only a 

 trace of the wooly coating so conspicuous in 

 other forms of the plant. 



B. Menziesii is a gummy plant of 12 to 18 

 in., with spoon-shaped leaves and yellow 

 flowers. 



B. teretifolia is a shrub with long narrow 

 leaves, sticky and fragrant as in other kinds, 

 and the flowers a pretty pale yellow. 



BOWKERIA. B. triphylla is a scarce 

 shrub from South Africa, hardy in a few 

 sheltered places along the south coast. It 

 grows to a height of 7 ft. or more, with 



wrinkled leaves and white flowers appear- 

 ing singly or in loose clusters from the 

 leaf-axils during July and August. They 

 are hooded and pouched like a Calceolaria 

 flower, and about an inch across every 

 way. Syn., B. %erardiana. 



BROUSSONETIA PAPYRIFERA 

 (Paper Mulberry). A small summer- 

 leafing tree allied to the Mulberry, and 

 somewhat similar in its broadly rounded 

 head and the large and softly hairy leaves. 

 The shape of the leaf is, however, most 

 variable even upon the same tree, some 

 being entire and others deeply lobed, 

 while there are varieties with leaves 

 crisped, variegated, and variously cut. 

 The catkin-like flowers are dull red, and 

 with a scent of Cowslips, coming in May 

 either as short spikes or rounded fleshy 

 balls, according as they are male or 

 female, while the fruits consist of small 

 fleshy nutlets. Though hardy in the south 

 of Britain, where it makes a shapely lawn 

 tree, in the north it needs shelter and is 

 safest against a wall. There are several 

 means of increase, including seed, root- 

 cuttings, layers, suckers, soft cuttings 

 under glass, or ripened cuttings in the 

 open air. Rich moist soil with a warm 

 and porous sub-soil are the best con- 

 ditions, and growth is rapid in young 

 trees. It is one of the best of town trees, 

 and a good shade tree for lawns or 

 avenues, but if the roots get injured it 

 gives some trouble with suckers. 



The most distinct varieties are macrophylla, 

 with large entire leaves ; heterophylla, with 

 leaves of different shapes ; cuctillata, with 

 small leaves curiously crisped and twisted ; 

 laciniata, a tender variety in which they are 

 finely cut ; dissecta, somewhat similar but 

 hardier, of very slender and compact growth ; 

 and Billiardi, a very distinct kind in which 

 the leaf-stalk is strangely prolonged and the 

 leaf reduced to a tiny leaflet at the end. In 

 habit this is as distinct and graceful as the 

 last, and either of these make pretty lawn 

 trees, as indeed does also the good variegated 

 variety. China. 



There are two or three other species of a 

 like genera] character, but not so hardy and 

 useful. The best known is B. Kazinoki from 

 Japan, a tree of vigorous but slender growth, 

 with large rounded leaves, smoother and less 

 cut than in the common Paper Mulberry. 

 That name is derived from the fact that the 

 fibrous bark is used by the Chinese for making 

 paper. 



CACCINIA GLAUCA. This is a 



dwarf hardy perennial belonging to the 

 Borage family from the highlands of 

 Persia. About 9 in. high, with sparingly 

 branched, somewhat succulent stems 

 clothed with glaucous leaves, somewhat 



