462 CAMPANULA. 



THE ENGLISH FLOWER GARDEN. 



CAMPANULA. 



Marnock, the landscape gardener, 

 wrote as follows to The Garden about 

 Camellias out-of-doors : " Permit me to 

 remind those who, like myself, have an 

 affection for the great beauty of the 

 Camellia, when in vigorous health in the 

 open air, that although it is true that the 

 plant will bear a greater degree of cold 

 than the Common Laurel, and other ever- 

 green shrubs which by common consent 

 have long been regarded as hardy, yet the 

 main stems and stouter branches of the 

 Camellia are, nevertheless, liable to injury 

 from severe frost. Now, all that is 

 necessary to protect the plant at this 

 weak point is to closely wrap the stem 

 with straw or hay bands ; and if a little 

 Fern or other loose material be laid over 

 the roots, so much the better. The 

 portions of the stems near the ground 

 are the most liable to suffer, while the 

 leaves and branches, if not exposed to 

 fierce gales, will bear much frost, provided 

 the stems are protected." 



In Cornwall, the Camellia grows in a 

 most beautiful way at Tregothnan, Mena- 

 billy and many other places, flowering in 

 this county better than I have seen it in 

 warmer countries even. It is also grown 

 out of doors in home counties, though 

 not quite successfully ; still the plant is 

 hardy in many districts, even more hardy 

 than the common laurel and it will grow 

 even on the north side of walls. 



At Scorrier House, Tremough, and 

 Pengreep, among the varieties that do 

 best are Mathotiana, the largest, ane- 

 uwnccflora, very profuse flowering, 

 Countess of Orkney, Donkelaari, which 

 comes very early, and the old japonica. 

 C. reticulata is the handsomest of the 

 Camellias, but needs a warmer and more 

 sheltered place than the varieties of the 

 Japan Camellia. 



CAMPANULA (Hairbell, Bellflower). 

 A large, beautiful, and most important 

 family for the flower garden. The alpine 

 species are charming for rock r gardens, 

 being as a rule not difficult to cultivate. 

 Some are very easy and free. A group 

 of kinds somewhat larger than the high 

 alpines adorn rocks and old walls on 

 themountaing,and maybe used for these in 

 our gardens. Some are pretty window- 

 plants, thriving in dry rooms ; numbers are 

 good border and edging plants of easy cul- 

 ture ; the tall and straggling kinds admir- 

 able for the wild garden, or rough woody 

 places or hedgerows, but these tall species 

 must not be used much in the flower 

 garden or mixed borders, as their time of 

 bloom is short and they are very apt to 

 overrun rarer plants. Some of the 



annual kinds, if well grown, are showy. 

 The Canterbury Bell is one of the 

 finest of biennials, the tall chimney 

 Campanula a very handsome and precious 

 plant. 



C. Allioni, an alpine kind forming 

 an underground network of succulent 

 roots, surmounted by stemless rosettes 

 of leaves, about an inch long, from 

 which arise stalkless erect flowers. Suc- 

 ceeds in exposed positions in the rock- 

 garden in a moist, free, and sandy 

 loam, but dislikes limestone. Division. 

 Alps. 



C. alpina (Alpine /jfcwVte//). Covered 

 with stiff down, giving it a slightly gray 

 appearance, 5 to 10 in. high ; flowers of 

 fine dark blue, scattered in a pyramidal 

 manner along the stems. Valuable for 

 front margins of mixed border, as well as 

 the rock-garden. Division or seeds. 

 Carpathians. 



C. Barrelieri has prostrate one- 

 flowered stems and roundish heart-shaped 

 leaves and blue large flowers. On rocks 

 by the seaside about Naples ; a good 

 trailing rock-plant, which thrives also in 

 baskets or pots in windows. 



C. caespitosa ( Tufted 

 charming and vigorous little plant, its 

 roots ramble very much, and it soon forms 

 large patches in any garden soil. Ex- 

 cellent for edgings and rocks, the angles 

 of steps in rock-gardens, and where 

 flagstones are used to form paths it is one 

 of the plants that run about among the 

 stones with very pretty effect. 



C. carpatica (Carpathian Hairbell). 

 A dwarf plant of free-flowering habit, 

 the light-blue flowers large and cup- 

 shaped, borne on foot-stalks 12 to 15 in. 

 high in July and August in succession. 

 There are pale and white forms of this 

 plant and the hybrid forms, none of them 

 better than the species though giving 

 variety. 



C. cenisia (Mont Cenis Hairbell}. A 

 high alpine plant growing among Saxifraga 

 biflora on the sides of glaciers, making 

 little show above ground but vigorous 

 below, sending a great number of runners 

 under the soil, and here and there it sends 

 up a compact rosette of light-green leaves, 

 with blue flowers. It should have a 

 sandy or gritty and moist soil on the 

 rock-garden. Division. 



C. fragilis (Brittle Hairbell} is a 

 glabrous plant, except that the young 

 branches are coated with soft down ; the 

 flowering branches prostrate, 12 or 15 in. 

 long ; the flowers I in. or more in 

 diameter, delicate blue. If planted in 

 the rock-garden, a watchful eye must be 



