498 



CORVLOPSIS. 



THE ENGLISH FLOWER GARDEN. 



COTON EASTER. 



hardy, and of easy culture in almost any 

 soil. A pretty little plant for borders, for 

 naturalising in open spots in woods, and 

 also for the spring garden. It is natural- 

 ised in several parts of England, but its 

 home is in the warmer parts of Europe. 

 Syns., C. solida and Fumaria solida. 



C. Ledebouriana (Ledeboufs Ftimi- 

 tory}. Distinct on account of its peculiar 

 glaucous leaves, arranged in a whorl about 

 half-way up the stem, 9 to 12 in. high. 

 Flowers are a deep vinous purple, with pink- 

 ish spurs. It is early and hardy. Siberia. 



C. lutea (Yellow Fumitory}. This 

 well-known plant has graceful masses 

 of delicate pale-green leaves dotted with 

 spurred yellow flowers. It is pretty 

 in borders, and grows to perfection on 

 walls, and the tufts, when emerging from 

 some chink in a fortress wall where 

 rain never falls upon them, are often as 

 full of flower as when planted in fertile soil. 

 A naturalised plant in England. Seeds. 



C. nobilis (Noble Fumitory). A dis- 

 tinct and handsome plant, 10 in. or I ft. 

 high ; the flower-stems are stout and 

 leafy to the top, and in summer bear a 

 massive head of rich golden-yellow flowers 

 with a small reddish-chocolate protuber- 

 ance in the centre of each. It is easy of 

 culture in light borders, but is rather slow 

 of increase. Division. Siberia. 



CORYLOPSIS. A small and little- 

 known group of hardy shrubs, allied to the 

 Witch Hazel (Hamamelis), from China, 

 Japan, and N. India. They are thin and 

 dwarf, have ribbed leaves resembling the 

 Hazel, and bear flowers in drooping 

 racemes. The oldest and best known 

 is the Japanese C. spicata, 3 or 4 ft. high, 

 with cowslip-coloured and cowslip-scented 

 flowers, in spikes produced before the 

 leaves in spring, like those of the Witch 

 Hazel. As these are early spring-flowering 

 shrubs, they should be planted in spots 

 sheltered from cold winds. 



CORYLUS (Hazel-nut}. - A small 

 group of European and Asiatic trees, re- 

 presented in our country by the Hazel, 

 C. avellana, which is precious in its nut- 

 bearing forms for our gardens. There 

 are varieties, including a weeping one, 

 pendula, and cut-leaved and nettle-leaved 

 forms. Other species worth growing are 

 C. americana, heterophylla, mandshurica, 

 and maxima, with its very fine variety 

 atropurpurea, and other forms, among 

 them the varieties of cobs and filbert nuts 

 grown for their fruits. It is a very pleasant 

 way to plant a group of the best fruiting 

 Hazel in the pleasure ground, or to form 

 what is called a Hazel walk. This used 

 to be done in old times, and where there 



is sufficient room is often worth doing, for 

 the sake of the fruit as well as the as- 

 sociations of the trees. 



COSMOS. Mexican plants of the 

 Composite family. One species, C. bipin- 

 natus, is a handsome annual, 3 ft. to 5 

 ft. high, having finely divided feathery 

 foliage, and large Dahlia-like bright-red- 

 purple blossoms, with yellow centres. It 

 requires to be treated as a tender annual, 

 sowing the seeds in February or March 

 in a heated frame, and the seedlings 

 transplanted in May in good, rich, moist 

 soil with a warm exposure. It flowers 

 from August to October is good for group- 

 ing with bold and graceful annuals, and 



Corylus avellana. 



better than many more popular ones. 

 C. atropurpurea, called the "Black 

 Dahlia," is a handsome plant with nearly- 

 black Dahlia-like flowers and does well in 

 ordinary soil. 



COTONEASTER (Rockspray). Valu- 

 able rosaceous rock-shrubs and low trees 

 of much variety. Some of the rock-trailing 

 kinds are common, but the bright-berried 

 low trees from the mountains of India are 

 little used. These might give good effects 

 if grouped here and there on rough banks, 

 and they are very hardy and easy to 

 grow. The trailing kinds are excellent 

 rock and wall plants of very easy culture 

 and propagation. 



C. buxifolia. A free-growing bush that 

 at times attains the height of 6 ft., form- 

 ing a rather wide-spreading bush, the 

 branches clothed with deep-green box- 

 like leaves ; the crimson berries, nestling 

 in profusion among the leaves, are pretty 

 in autumn. 



C. frigida. A low tree reaching 20 ft. 

 or more. During mild winters some of 

 the leaves will be retained throughout the 

 year, while if the weather is very sharp it 

 will become quite bare, the showy fruits 

 being of a bright crimson. If untouched 

 by birds, the berries retain their beauty a 

 long time ; but, if the weather be severe, 

 they soon disappear. Mountains of India. 

 The berries of this Cotoneaster are when 

 ripe of an orange-scarlet tint, and the long 



