642 LIMNANTHEMUM. THE ENGLISH FLOWER GARDEN. 



LINARIA. 



splendens. The double-flowered variety 

 (rlore-pleno) is showy and vigorous. 

 Erectum also is distinct and desirable. 

 L. pseudo-tigrinum and the varieties of 

 Maximowiczi, though referred to other 

 species, much resemble L. tigrinum. 

 The Tiger Lily is very easy of cultivation, 

 thriving best in deep sandy loam with an 

 open, but sheltered position. The earliest 

 varieties begin to flower at the end of 

 August, and the latest last till the end of 

 October. The Tiger Lily may be quickly 

 propagated by the bulblets, which form in 

 the axils of the leaves. 



L. Washingtonianum. A lovely Cali- 

 fornian Lily, 2 to 5 ft. high, bearing a 

 cluster of large, white, purple - spotted 

 flowers that become tinged with purple 

 after expansion. Nearly allied to this, 

 and by some considered a variety, is L. 

 rubescens, which has smaller flowers 

 which are of a pale lilac or nearly white. 

 These flowers are erect not horizontal, 

 as in the Washington Lily. Neither L. 

 Washingtonianum nor L. rubescens is 

 easy to grow, owing, probably, to their 

 being but little understood at present. 

 The best results have been obtained in 

 partially-shaded situations, in loose, peaty, 

 well-drained, but moist soil. 



Known species : Lilium alpinum, Hungary ; 

 auratum, Japan ; bolanderi, California ; bulbijerum, 

 S. Europe ; callosiim, Japan ; canadense, N. America ; 

 candidum, S. Europe ; carniolicum, S. Europe ; 

 Catesbcei, N. America; chalcedonicum, Carniola ; 

 columbianum, N. W. America ; cottcolor, China ; 

 cordifolium, Japan ; croceum, S. Europe ; dauri- 

 cum, Dahruria ; Davidi, China ; elegans, Japan ; for- 

 mosissimum ; formosum, Japan ; Fortttnei, do. ; Gle- 

 /tnz, do. ; Grayi, N.W. America ; Handsoni, Manchuria ; 

 Hansoni, Japan ; Heldreichii, Greece ; Hookeri, 

 Himalayas; Humboldtii, California \japonicuiti, Japan; 

 Jeffersoni ; lancifolium > Japan ; Leichtlinii, do. ; lilia- 

 cinunt ; longijlorum, Japan ; maculatum, do. ; mari- 

 timum, California ; mart agon, S. Europe ; medeoloides, 

 Japan ; monadelphum, Caucasus ; neilgherrense, E. 

 Indies; nepalense, Himalayas; nitidunt, California; oxy- 



petalum, Himalayas \pardalinum, California; Parryi, 

 do. ; paryum, do. ; persicttm, Persia ; philadelphicum, 

 N. America ; philippinense, Philippines ; polyphyllum, 

 Himalayas; pomponium, Siberia; ponticum, Asia 

 Minor; puberulum, N. America; pulchellujn, Dah- 

 ruria ; pygtn&um ; pyrenaicum, Pyrenees ; recurvum ; 

 roseum, E. Indies ; rubescens, California ; Sieboldi, 

 Japan; speciosum, do.; snperbum, N. Amer. ; tenui- 

 folium, Dahruria; testaceum, Japan ; tigrinum, Japan; 

 Wallichianum, Himalayas ; Washingtonianum, Cali- 

 fornia. 



LIMNANTHEMUM (Fringed Buck- 

 bean). L. nymphceoides is a pretty native 

 water-plant, growing in ponds or slow 

 streams, with floating leaves, and bright 

 yellow flowers I in. or more across. One 

 of the prettiest of floating water plants 

 flowering for months in the summer and 

 autumn. Wild in the southern and 

 eastern counties, and naturalised in other 

 districts. Division as soon as gathered. 

 Syn.) Villarsia. Gentian order. 



LIMNANTHES. A vigorous though 

 dwarf hardy annual, valuable because 



so early ; L. Douglasi has yellow and 

 white flowers, and there is a pure 

 white variety. Few annuals are hardier, 

 severe winters not injuring it, and it 

 requires neither a deep nor a rich soil, 

 but thrives where the earth is poor as 

 well as in ordinary garden soil. It often 

 sows itself on light soils, and gives no 

 further trouble ; but if wanted for a 

 special purpose in spring, the seed 

 should be sown in autumn in boxes 

 or in the open ground ; for summer- 

 flowering sow in the spring. Plains of 

 California and foothills of the Sierra 

 Nevada. 



LIMNOCHARIS.-Z. Humboldti is 

 an interesting water-plant, in summer 

 covering the surface with heart-shaped 

 leaves and soft yellow flowers, for several 

 months ; it will thrive either in running 

 or still water, if planted 6 to 9 in. below 

 the surface, and may also be grown in 

 tubs sunk in the ground. These tubs 

 should be about i^ ft. in depth, should be 

 half-filled with loamy soil, and then filled 

 up with water. In fountain-basins and 

 clear, still waters, where the plant is 

 fully exposed to the sun, it flowers freely 

 during summer, but it will not survive 

 out-of-doors in winter, except in the 

 mildest districts, and unless placed at 

 least 1 8 in. below the surface. Plants 

 put out of a warm aquatic house in May 

 soon begin to grow in the open air in 

 tanks well exposed to the sun. Division. 

 Butomaceas. 



LINARIA (Toadftax\~-k& interesting 

 family, which includes some beautiful 

 garden annuals and perennials, varying 

 from dwarf alpines to tall coarse plants. 



L. alpina {Alpine Toadflax] forms 

 dense, spreading, dwarf, and silvery tufts, 

 covered with bluish-violet and intense 

 orange flowers. It is usually biennial ; but 

 in favourable spots, both wild and culti- 

 vated, becomes perennial. It sows itself 

 freely, being one of the most charming sub- 

 jects that we can allow to "go wild" in 

 sandy, gritty, and rather moist earth, or in 

 chinks in the rock-garden. In moist dis- 

 tricts it will establish itself even in gravel 

 walks, is readily increased from seed, which 

 should be sown in early spring in cold 

 frames, or in the places where it is to remain 

 out-of-doors. It is found on moraines and 

 in t*he debris of the Alps and Pyrenees. 



L. antirrhlnifolia. This elegant little 

 rock plant forms a very neat spreading 

 mass about 2 feet across and about 6 to 8 

 inches high and has the advantage of not 

 spreading so rapidly as some of its con- 

 geners, and its bright purple flowers are 

 produced incessantly during the summer 



