792 SAMBUCUS. 



THE ENGLISH FLOWER GARDEN. 



SANTOLINA. 



down to within 6 in. of the soil. Both 

 old plants and potted cuttings are easily 

 wintered in any dry place where frost is 

 excluded. The tender Sages thrive in 

 any good garden soil. 



SAMBUCUS (Elder). The common 

 Elder (S. nigra) is not generally admired, 

 but its cut-leaved, golden, and variegated 

 varieties are often planted. A large Elder 

 with branches sweep- 

 ing the turf is no mean 

 object on a lawn at 

 midsummer, when 

 covered with its flower- 

 clusters, or when in 

 berry. The golden 

 Elder (foliis aureis) is 

 becoming very com- 

 mon too common, in 

 fact, for, like all con- 

 spicuous objects, it re- 

 quires to be employed 

 with caution, or a 

 spotty effect will be 

 produced. The same 

 remark applies, but in 

 a less degree, to the 

 variegated golden- 

 leaved and silver- 

 leaved Elders. The Parsley-leaved or 

 cut-leaved Elder (laciniata) is a most 

 elegant shrub, and should be preferred to 

 the common Elder, as it is ornamental 

 even in a small state. It should be 

 allowed to form itself into a small tree or j 

 a round symmetrical bush. A pretty ' 

 shrub is the Scarlet-berried Elder (S. ' 

 racemosa), which resembles the common j 

 Elder in habit, save that instead of j 

 bearing black berries it has clusters of j 

 brilliant scarlet fruits. Unfortunately, it | 

 is capricious in English shrubberies, and I 

 is seldom seen in perfection of berry. Its j 

 natural home is in alpine valleys, where 

 in August and September it rivals the 

 Mountain Ash in splendour. In hill j 

 districts it may be grown and fruited, but 

 it must have a cool moist spot. Its cut- 

 leaved variety (serratifolia) is an elegant , 

 shrub, with pinnate leaves deeply cut. S. 

 Ebulus is a herbaceous Elder, having 

 spreading foliage, cut into elegant leaflets, 

 that may be planted in coverts, dry 

 banks, and rough shrubberies ; scarcely 

 suitable for border culture. It is hardy, | 

 and may be readily increased by di- 

 vision. 



SAMOLUS. S. littoralis is a pretty 

 trailing plant, with long slender stems, j 

 small evergreen foliage, and numerous 

 pink blossoms in summer. It is suitable 

 for the bog-garden or for moist spots in 

 the rock-garden, as it delights in plenty 



of moisture, and a peaty soil suits it 

 best. New Zealand. 



SANGUINARIA (Bloodroof). S. 

 canadensis is a pretty and distinct hardy 

 plant, its thick creeping root-stocks send- 

 ing up glaucous leaves about 6 in. high, 

 the flowers, borne singly on stems as high 

 as the leaves, are I in. across, white, with 

 a tassel of yellow stamens in spring, in 



Sanguinaria canadensis. 



good-sized tufts, having a pretty effect. 

 Sometimes the flowers are pinkish. It 

 grows well in any border, but under 

 the branches of deciduous trees on lawns 

 it spreads about, and, without attention, 

 becomes a charming wildling, in moist 

 soil. It is strongest and best in moist 

 peaty bottoms in woods or otherwise. It 

 may be increased by division in autumn, 

 but its fleshy stems must not be kept long 

 out of the ground. Poppy family. Nova 

 Scotia, Canada and westwards and south- 

 wards on the mountains. 



SANTOLINA (Lavender Cotton). - 

 Dwarf half-shrubby plants, of neat habit 

 and pretty hoary foliage. One of the most 

 distinct and useful of them is S. incana, 

 a small gray shrub, with close habit and 

 narrow leaves covered with dense white 

 down. The pale greenish-yellow flowers 

 are small, not showy, but the plant is 

 useful from its form and silvery hue, for 

 groups and edgings, growing readily in 

 ordinary soil on the level border, or on 

 slopes of the rock-garden. It is con- 

 sidered a variety of the better-known 

 S. Chamaecyparissus (Lavender Cotton), 

 which is pretty for banks and rock-gar- 

 dens, forming silvery bushes 2 ft. high, 

 but it is not suited for association with 

 very dwarf alpine plants. Other species 

 of Santolina suited for rock-gardens are 

 S. pectinata and S. viridis, which form 

 bushes something like the Lavender 



