ENQUIRY INTO PLANTS, vi. i. 4 -n. 2 



With spineless plants it is not possible to make 

 such < generic ' distinctions ; for the variation of 

 the leaves in size and shape is endless, and the 

 differences are not clearly marked l ; but we must try 

 to distinguish on another principle. There are many 

 classes of such plants and they differ widely, as 

 rock-rose 2 bryony madder privet 3 kneoron marjoram ^ 

 savory sphakos* (sage) eleUsphaJcos^ (salvia) hore- 

 hound konyza balm, and others like these ; and in 

 addition to these we have the ptants with a ferula- 

 like stem 6 or with a stem composed of fibre, as fennel 

 horse-fennel 7 narthekia (ferula) narthex (ferula) and 

 the plant called by some _wolf s bane, 8 and others cA 

 like these. All these, as well as any other ferula- 

 like plants, may be placed in the class of under- 

 shrubs. 



Of spineless under-shrubs and their differences. 



II. The various forms and the differences between 

 the above mentioned plants are in some cases more, 

 in some less easy to distinguish. Of rock- rose 9 they 

 distinguish two kinds, ' male ' and ' female/ in that 

 the one is 10 larger, tougher, more glossy, 11 and has a 

 crimson flower ; both however are like the wild 

 rose, 12 save that the flower is smaller and scentless. 



There are also two kinds of kneoron, one white, 

 the other black. The white has a leathery oblong 



examples given here the two classes are taken together, 

 yapd-nnia being vapOyitdSris, the others tvvfvpdKavAa ; hence the 

 article is not repeated. 7 cf. 6. 2. 7. 



8 Lit. ' mouse-bane ' : for other Greek names see Index. 



9 KlvBov conj. Sch., cf. 6 1. 4 ; Kiffffov Ald.H.; Plin. 24. 81 ; 

 Diosc. 1. 97. 



10 clvai conj.W. ; ^""UMVAlcl. (rJ> <j>v\\ot> *x* lv con j- Sch.). 



11 i.e. has more glossy leaves. 



12 cf. Plin. 21. 55 ; Theocr, 5. 131. See Index. 



. 7 



