CONTENTS. Vii 



CHAPTER X. 



Page 



Reflections — Farmers' investments — Landlords' investments — Obstacle 

 to the latter — Indefinite nature of rates — Comparative state of the 

 country in 1779 and 1849 — Arthur Young's tour — Rise of rents — 

 Redundancy of population — Proportion in east compared with west 

 — Dependence on potato — Relief-works unavoidably unproductive — 

 Increase of grand-jury cess and poor and labour rates — All primarily 

 thrown on the tenant — Abandonment of farms — Necessity of a 

 limitation of rates to encourage immigration of capitalists — Emigra- 

 tion — Variable amount of valuation — Propriety of discouraging con- 

 acre — Simplification of sale and transfer of land — Incidence of 

 grand-jury cess unjust to tenant — Advantages of transferring it to 

 landlord — Cure r for absenteeism — Unexhausted improvements — 

 Population of Connaught — Compared with England and Scotland — 

 Necessity for a comprehensive measure, . . . .121 



CHAPTER XL 



"What is now being done for Ireland — Board of Public Works — Roads, 

 piers, arterial drainage, landed property improvement, fisheries — 

 National schools — Statistical returns of agricultural produce— Agri- 

 cultural instructors, . . . . . . .149 



CHAPTER XII. 



Farm-buildings — Economical plan of, described — Estimate and cost — 

 Extension of Land Improvement Act — Necessity of defining propor- 

 tions repayable by landlord and tenant respectively — Government 

 loans rendered necessary by incumbrances and entails — Unsound 

 state to which these have led — Free transfer of land the only remedy 

 — Expediency of Government loans in the mean time, . .170 



APPENDIX, 183 



ILLUSTRATIONS. 



Map of Ireland, ..... Frontispiece. 



Plan of Farm-Buildings, . . . .To face page 171. 



