106 KING WILLIAMSTOWN. 



be done for the same in Scotland. Ploughmen do 

 nearly as much work in the field as a Scotch plough- 

 man, but here they require help in cleaning out the 

 stables. Theft is so common that green crops must be 

 watched night and day ; and, for the same reason, it 

 is not safe to keep a sheep stock in this part of the 

 country. 



Mr Leader kindly drove me to King William stown, 

 where an experiment was made by Government on a 

 portion of the crown lands, to ascertain whether waste 

 mountain land, at a high elevation, can be profitably 

 cultivated. After driving some twelve miles through a 

 cold bleak country, we reached this estate, which is very 

 extensive. It is situated near the source of the Black- 

 water in the county of Cork, and bordering with Kerry. 

 It is 850 feet above the level of the sea, generally deep 

 bog, but part of it black land resting on clay, and part 

 dry sharp land. It is by no means the worst quality of 

 mountain bog ; and, though at a high elevation, it is 

 reached by a gradual ascent along an excellent road ; 

 and the land is an easy slope, with a northerly aspect, 

 on the spot where the model farm has been placed. The 

 improvements were begun in 1833, under the superin- 

 tendence of the Board of Works, and the immediate 

 management of Mr Boyan. The first thing was to open 

 up the country, by constructing an excellent road com- 

 municating with Kanturk and Tralee, the estate being 

 about fourteen Irish miles from the former. It was 

 then partitioned out into small farms with suitable 

 steadings, in each of which the individuals who formerly 

 held the lands were placed. A village was built, with 



