28^ ZONES AND REGIONS [Pt. Ill, Sect. I 



SUMMARY. 



If we summarize the results of this chapter, we arrive at the following 

 conclusions : — 



I. With at least i8o cm. of rainfall, the high-forest alone predominates. 

 In regard to rainfalls of 150-180 cm. no data are available. 



3. With 90-150 cm. of rainfall there is a struggle between xerophilous 

 woodland and grassland. Xerophilous woodland gains the victory when 

 greater heat and more prolonged rainless periods prevail during the 

 vegetative season ; grassland succeeds when a milder temperature, a more 

 even distribution of rainfall during the vegetative season, and windy dry 

 or frosty seasons prevail. 



3. With a rainfall below 90 cm., xerophilous scrub, in particular thorn- 

 forest and thorn-bush, prevails; both of these, if the precipitation be less 

 pass over into open scrub (semi-desert). 



SELECT LITERATURE. 



Bebber, W. J. van. Die Regenverlialtnisse Indians. Meteorol. Zeitschr. 1885. 

 Brandis, D. I. On the Distribution of Forests in India. Ocean Highways. 1S72. 



II. Influence of Forests on Rainfall. Indian Forester. Vol. XIV. 



III. Regen und Wald in Indien. Meteorol. Zeitschr. 1887. p. 369. 



Danckelmann, A. v. Die meteorologischen Beobachtungen der Gussfeldt'scher 



Loango-Expedition. Leipzig, 1S7S. 

 Draenert, F. M. I. Die Vertheilung der Regenmengen in Brasilien. Meteorol 

 Zeitschr. 1886. 



II. Das Kustenkhma der Provinz Pernambuco. Meteorol. Zeitschr. 18S7. 



Engler, A. Ueber die Flora der deutschen Schutzlander in West-Africa. Garten 



flora. 18S5. 

 Forbes, H. O. A Naturalist's Wanderings in the Eastern Archipelago. London 



1SS5. 

 Gardner, G. Travels in the Interior of Brazil during the Years 1836-1841. London 



1846. 

 Kurz, S. Preliminary Report on the Forest and other Vegetation of Pegu. Calcutta 



1876. 

 PechuelLbsche, E. Die Vegetation am Kongo bis zum Stanley-Pool. Das Ausland 



1886. Nos. 20, 21. 

 Sachs, Carl. Aus den Llanos. Leipzig, 1S79. 

 Saint-Hilaire, A. de. Tableau de la vegetation primitive dans la province de Minai 



Geraes. Annales des sciences naturelles. Tome XXIV. 1S31. 



