Chap. IV] TROriCAL DISTRICTS CONSTANTLY MOIST 329 



wards and cover the wliole 

 tree. 



Different species of trees 

 frcquciitl)' sliow distinctions 

 in tlieir epi[)h\'tic flora. 

 Tlius tree-ferns and the 

 calabash-tree (Crescentia 

 Cujete), which is so common 

 in tropical America, are most 

 markedly preferred ; even 

 certain epiphytic species, 

 <ucli as Trichomanes sinu- 

 osuni in tropical America, 

 .'ccur apparently on tree- 

 terns only. 



V. BUDS IX THE RAIN- 

 FOREST. 



The vcgcta/ivc buds of 

 wood}' plants in the rain- 

 lorcst do not exhibit any 

 marked difference in relation 

 to a condition of activity 

 or of repose. The type of 

 winter-bud with its large 

 dry covering of scales and 

 L. nsiderable differentiation, 

 is foreign to the constantly 

 humid rain-forest, whereas 

 it reappears in dry forest 

 and savannah. 



Dormant buds are as a 

 rule very small in the rain- 

 forest, frequently without 

 any covering of scales and 

 without protection by other 

 plant-parts; they are then, 

 however, frequently coated 

 with a dense brown tomen- 

 tum or with a kind of varnish. 

 Their change into active 

 buds, as far as one can see, 

 consists simply in this, that 

 their parts begin to grow. 



Fig. i;o. Kibessia azurea. Leaf studded with numerous 

 epiphyllous lichens. Natural size. After Stahl. 



