298 



PLANT LIFE. 



become filled with reserve food, constituting then the so-called 

 endosperm ; around this is the remnant of the sporangium, 

 when more than a mere membrane, likewise stored with food, 

 and called the per isperm ; while over all is the hardened in- 

 tegument or testa, often of unlike layers, i, ii, Hi. 



404. Fruit. — In the conifers the sporophylls bearing the 

 ovules and the axis from which they arise also grow. As the 

 ovule is becoming the seed each sporophyll enlarges, but 



especially the placental out- 

 growth (see ^[ 334), and the 

 whole number, together with 

 the enlarged axis, form the 

 cone (fig. 341, 358). Some- 

 times (as in the junipers) the 

 sporophylls become fleshy and 

 adherent, forming a berry-like 

 body. 



Fu 



341 



v»2- 



Fig. 341. — A mature cone of a pine (Pinus sylvestris), the upper quarter cut away. 

 sq, sq', the placental scales ; g; seeds ; em, embryo in a seed. Just below the pla- 

 cental scale which bears the lower seed g, may be seen part of the carpellary scale 

 in section. Magnified about 2 diam. — From Bessey. 



Fig 342. — A placental scale of pine (P. sylvestris) seen from above ; showing two 

 winged seeds in place. M, micropyle ; ch. limit of seed ; the parts beyond are flat 

 wings, formed by the splitting off of a layer of tissue from the surface of the scale. 

 Magnified about 3 diam, — From Bessey. 



