SEXUAL REPRODUCTION. 



305 



pericarp (fig. 354). In the blackberry the receptacle be- 

 comes fleshy, and each pistil forms a minute fruit like a 



Fig. 354. — Fruit of the apple. A , halved longitudinally ; B, halved transversely. /, 

 pericarp, enclosing seeds ; g, vascular bundles of the fleshy torus entering k, the 

 calyx leaves. One half natural size. — After Focke. 



cherry, adherent to its neighbors and to the pulpy torus. The 

 raspberry is like it, except that the adherent mass of fruits 

 separates as a cap from a firm torus (fig. 355). 



413. Multiple fruits. — If the flowers form a crowded in- 

 florescence, either dry or fleshy fruits may be closely crowded 

 at maturity. Under these conditions fleshy fruits frequently 

 become adherent, and may thus constitute a multiple fruit 

 quite similar in form to the fruit formed by the aggregated 



Fig. 355. 



Fig. 356. 



Fig. 355. — Vertical section of a flower of raspberry (Rubus idceus), showing numerous 

 pistils which form the caplike fruit over the enlarged torus ; stamens, corolla, and 

 calyx all united at base. Magnified about 2 diam.— After Kerner. 



Fig. 356.—^, pistillate flower ciuster of white mulberry; B, multiple fruit from same. 

 Natural size.— After Baillon. 



