Plants of the Punjab. 



17 



Trees with Alternate Stipulate Simple Leaves. 



Petals none. 



Ficus Cunia 



Kasa, ghui. 

 Urticace^. 

 F. B. I. V. 523. 

 Himalaya, 4,000 ft. 

 Valley below Simla 

 (Collett). 



small, never epiphytal ; leaves unequal sided at 

 base, 6-10 in. long, oblong-lanceolate, leathery, stalk 

 i-| in., stipules |-1 in., linear ; fruit in pairs or clusters 

 on scaly, usually leafless, branches, round or pyriform, 

 hairy, reddish brown when ripe. 



Ficus nemoralis, small, not epiphytal ; leaves narrow, pointed, margin 



Urticace^. even, stalk |-1 in., stipules narrow, pointed, smooth, 



F. B. I. V. 534. edges rolled up ; fruit shortly stalked, roundish or club- 



Himalaya, 1,500-7,000 ft. shaped, | in. diam., smooth, reddish when ripe, basal 

 Simla below Annandale. bracts 3, broad, united. 

 Shah (CoUett). 



Ficus Roxburghii; 



Urhal, timhal. 

 Urticace^. 

 F. B. I. V. 534. 

 Himalaya to 5,000 ft. 

 Sutlej Valley (Collett). 



low, spreading ; leaves broad, ovate or rounded, 

 above smooth, beneath somewhat woolly, base heart- 

 shaped, 5-15 by 4|-12 in., stalk 1-4 in., stipules |-1 in., 

 ovate, pointed ; fruit top-shaped, 2 in. diam., smooth 

 or velvety, when ripe russet, brown or purplish and 

 spotted, basal bracts 3, rather large, triangular, fruit 

 stalk f-l| in., velvety, on leafless branchlets from the 

 trunk in clusters : the fruit is eaten. 



Ficus glomerata, 



Kathgular, dadhuri. 



Urticacb^. 



F. B. I. V. 535. 



The Plains to 3,000 ft. 



Villebrunea frutescens, 

 Debregeasia hypoleuca, 



large, bark smooth, reddish brown ; leaves 4-7 

 in. long, ovate, margin even, smooth above, velvety 

 beneath, base round, tapering to the point, stalk 1-2 

 in., stipules |-1 in., ovate, narrow, velvety, soon falling 

 off ; fruit 1 J in. diam., reddish, top depressed, top-shaped, 

 stalked, in clusters on short leafless scaly branchlets 

 on the trunk and large branches, basal bracts 3 or 4, ovate, 

 small, overlapping. 



see Shrubs, Alternate, Stipulate, Simple. 



see Shrubs, Alternate, Stipulate, Simple. 



Flowers minute, close set on Hanging or Erect Spikes. 



Betula utilis, 



Bhujpattra, 



CUPULIFER^. 



F. B. I. V. 599. 

 Himalaya, 7-10,000 ft. 

 The Chor, Hutu 

 (Collett). 



bark brownish white, inner layer pink, thin with 

 horizontal lentil-shaped excrescences, stripping off in 

 thin broad sheets ; leaves 2-3 in. long, thin, light green, 

 when young, pointed ; fruit a one-seeded, winged, lentil- 

 like nut. The English representatives of this genus 

 are Betula alba and Betula nana, the Common Birch and 

 the Dwarf Birch. The bark is used to cover umbrellas. 



