156 



Plants^ofthe Punjab. 



ffEKBS, Erect, with Opposite Exstipulate Simple Leaves 



Leaf Margins Entire. 



Garalluma edulis, 



Chang, pippu, sittu. 



AsCLEPIADACBiE. 



F. B. I. iv. 76. 



The Plains, 

 Eawalpindi, Multan. 



Petals united. 



small, fleshy, branched or not, stem and branches 

 4-grooved, nearly round, sometimes leafless ; leaves ^ 

 in. long, soon falling off, ovoid-lanceolate, short-pointed, 

 fleshy ; flowers ^ in. diam., purple within, solitary or in 

 pairs in the upper leaf axils, calyx lobes 5, short-pointed, 

 corolla smooth, broadly bell-shaped, lobes 5, narrow, 

 ovate-lanceolate, tube enlarged, coronal scales in a ring, 

 joined to the staminal column, 5-lobed, lobes 2-pointed, 

 with a process on the inner face which overlaps the an- 

 thers, staminal column very short, anthers short, with a 

 shallow notch at a rounded apex, resting on, or joined 

 to the stigma, stigma flat ; follicles slender, smooth, round, 

 seeds crowned with a bunch of hairs. This plant is eaten 

 by the poor as a vegetable. 



Exacum tetragonum, 



Titahana. 



Ava ohiretta, 



GenTIANACE^; 



F. B. I. iv. 95. 

 The Plains to 

 5,000 ft. 



medium size to large, stem square, a little branched 

 below ; leaves 5 by 1^ in., short-pointed, or 1| by f in., 

 nearly blunt, 5-nerved, sessile or stem clasping, broadly 

 lanceolate ; flowers blue, 1| in. diam., in terminal branch- 

 ing racemes, calyx deeply .4-lobed, lobes |-| in. long, ovate, 

 long-pointed, keeled, or sometimes barely 3-winged, corolla 

 wheel-shaped, lobes' 4, | in. long,- oblong, short-pointed, 

 • 'stamens 4, on the corolla tube, anthers | in., straight, 

 style I in. long, thread-like, stigma round ; capsule I in. 

 diam., nearly round, seeds very many, minute. This 

 plant is used by Indians as a tonic bitter in place of 

 Ohiretta. / . 



Exacum 

 pedunculatum, 



Gentianace^e. 

 F. B. I. iv. 97. 

 The Plains to 

 3,000 ft. 



small, stem square, much branched; leaves If by 

 I in., oblong with rounded ends or lanceolate, 3-nerved, 

 nearly sessile ; flowers f in. diam., blue, in many-flowered 

 terminal rigid stalked clusters on main stalks |-| in. long, 

 calyx lobes 4, ^-l in., long, ovate, long-pointed,. wing dis- 

 tinct, lanceolato_, corolla, .wheel-shaped, 'lobes "4, |-| in. 

 long,' oblong v/i'th founded ends, stamens 4,- anthers ^ in., 

 • style long, stigma nearly round ; capsule |in., nearly round, 

 valves 2, seeds very many, minute. This plant is used 

 by Indians as a bitter tonic in place of gentian. 



