Plants of the Punjab. 



185 



Herbs, Erect, with Opposite Exstipulate Simple Leaves. 

 Leaf Margins Toothed. 



Bryophylium 

 calycinum, 



Zukm-liaiyat, 



CRASSULACEiB. 



F. B. L ii. 413. 



The Plains to 

 3,000 ft. 

 Sutlej Valley 

 (Collett). 



Petals united. 



large, perennial, smooth, stem hollow, sprouts on 

 clamp ground from the notches on the margin of leaves ; 

 leaves 3-6 in. long, ovate or oblong, flesh}', toothed, stalked, 

 blunt, rarely compound, with 3 leaflets ; flowers 2. in. 

 long, reddish-green, drooping, cylindric in a large terminal 

 branching raceme, calyx tubular, swollen, green tinged 

 with red and spotted with white, 4-toothed, corolla tubular^ 

 twice as long as the calyx, green, lobes 4, tinged with red, 

 short-pointed, spreading, stamens 8, in 2 series on the 

 corolla-tube, styles 4 ; fruit of 4 carpels, many-seeded, 

 enclosed in the persistent calyx and corolla. The leaves 

 are applied to wounds. Koxburgh states that the plant 

 was introduced into the Calcutta Botanical Gardens and 

 has spread from there. 



Kalanchoe 

 spathulata, 



Tatara, rugnru, 

 haiza ka 'patta. 

 Crassulace.e. 

 F. B. Lii. 414. 

 Himalaya, 

 1-3,000 ft. 

 Valleys below 

 Simla (Collett). 



large, perennial, stout, smooth ; leaves 4-8 in. (upper 

 3-4 in.), fleshy, toothed, oblong, narrowed to the stalk ; 

 flowers |-1 in. long, yellow, in a large terminal branched 

 flat-topped cluster, calyx 4-lobed, divided nearly to the 

 base, lobes triangular, short-pointed, corolla tubular, tube 

 flask-shaped, twice the length of the calyx, lobes 4, spread- 

 ing, short-pointed, stamens, style and capsule as in the last 

 species. This plant is said to be a cure for cholera, it acts 

 as a strong purge and is poisonous to goats and cattle. 



Morina persica, 



Bekh-akwar. 



DiPSACE.E. 



F. B. I. iii. 216. 

 Himalaya, 

 6-9,000 ft. 

 Simla (Collett). 

 Hazara (BaiTett). 

 Baluchistan (Lace). 



large, like thistles from the spiny leaves ; leaves 6 by 

 1 in,, oblong or linear, sessile, doubly spinous-toothed, 

 velvety or smooth ; flowers 1| in. long, pinkish- white, 

 sessile, crowded in the axils of the upper leaves forming 

 a terminal interrupted spike, bracteoles few among the 

 flowers, spinous, also united, bracteoles forming a tubular 

 cup (involucel) round the base of the flower, calyx tubular, 

 2-lipped, notched, corolla 1-1|. in., tube long, slender, mouth 

 oblique, 5-lobed, stamens 2, fertile, as long as the corolla 

 lobes, style almost protruding, stigma disc-like ; fruit an 

 achene in each flower, enclosed within the persistent in- 

 volucel, tip free. 



