482 



Plants of the Punjab. 



Herbs, Unbkanceed, with Alternate Exstipulate Simple Leaves. 



Petals united. 



Prenanthes 

 violsefolia, 



Composite. 

 F. B. I. iii. 412. 

 Himalaya, 

 9-12,000 ft 

 Hattii (Collett). 

 Kashmir. 



Picrldium 

 tingitanum, 



Composite. 

 F. B. I. iii. 413. 

 The Plains. 

 The Salt Eange, 

 TUla. 

 Baluchistan. 



Tragopogon gracile, 



Composite. 

 F.B.I, iii. 417. 



Himalaya, 

 6-10,000 ft. 

 Simla (Collett). 

 Hazara. 

 Baluchistan. 



Flowers, minute, in heads, all ligulate. 



small, very slender, juice milky, smooth except a few 

 hairs on the leaf stalk, stem 12 in., sometimes sparingly 

 branched ; leaves 1-2 in long and broad, long-stalked, 

 ovate-heart-shaped, triangular or forked, tip and basal 

 lobes blunt or short-pointed, entire or obscurely toothed, 

 waxy bluish-green beneath, leaf stalk sometimes winged, or 

 dilated at the base, rarely with a pair of oblong lobes ; 

 flowers 3-8, purple, in few, nearly solitary, pendulous heads, 

 |-f in. long, in racemes, bracts of receptacle | in., inner 

 linear, blunt, outer very small, receptacle flat, naked, 

 pappus white, ligules 5-toothed, long, spreading, style-arms 

 long ; achenes ^ in., oblong with rounded ends, contracted 

 at both ends, smooth, angled, not beaked. The achenes 

 differentiate it from Lactuca. 



small to medium size, annual, juice milky, smooth, 

 stem 6-18 in., stout ; leaves 1-5 in., radical long, ovate 

 with a broad tip, or spoon-shaped, blunt, toothed, or pin- 

 nately divided, stem leaves half stem-clasping, base forked 

 into 2 lobes; flowers yellow, in heads l^in. diam., stalk 

 thickened under the head, bracts of receptacle heart- 

 shaped, very broad, thin margins thickened, tips inner 

 oblong, receptacle flat, naked : achenes J^ in. long, pale 

 corky, 4-angled or4-rib1-d, pappus | in., very soft and 

 white, urited at the base into a ring. 



small to n edium size, biennial or perennial, quite 

 smooth, juice milky ; leaves 3-10 by |-J in., very narrow, 

 linear, keeled, zig-zag, stem clasping, base dilated, radical 

 often equalling the flower stalk ; flowers yellow, in 

 terminal large long-stalked heads, stalk not thickened 

 above, bracts of receptacle 5-8, |-1J in. long, shorter than 

 the flowers, green, receptacle pitted ; achenes -i in., smooth, 

 slender, o-angled, 5-10-ribbed, ribs smooth, beak short. 

 not slender, pappus feathery, united in a basal ring. 



Tragopogon 

 pratense, 

 Goat's beard, 



COMPOSIT.53. 



F. B. I. iii. 418. 

 Himalaya, 

 12-14,000 ft. 



like the last species, but stem often branched, leafy, 

 flower stalk hardly thickened above, bracts sometime? 

 longer than the flowers, achenes |-1 in., beak long, rough 

 with short projections. 



