678 



Plants of the Punjab. 



Climbing Plants with Opposite Exstipulate Simple Leaves. 



Petals united. 



Rubia cordif olia, 

 Indian Madder, 



Manjitt 

 Rubiace^. 

 F. B. I. iii. 202. 

 Himalaya, 

 2-8,000 ft. 

 Simla, Mashobra 

 (Collett). 

 Baluchi -tan 

 (Hughes-Buller). 



rootstock perennial, roots long, cylindrical, stems 

 stout, branches 4-angled, smooth or rough with bristles 

 directed backwards ; leaves 2-4 in., heart-shaped-ovate, 

 long-pointed, long-stalked, in circles of four, nerves and 

 margins prickh' ; flowers minute, dark red, in terminal 

 crowded branching racemes, branches divided in threes 

 with opposite sessile heart-shaped bracts, calyx tube round, 

 smooth, no teeth, corolla tube xerj short, lobes 5, ovate, 

 short-pointed, tips mcurved, stamens 5, style 2-branched ; 

 fruit -g- in. diam., round, or almost 2-lobed, black, 2-celled 

 or 1-celled, juice red, seeds 2, small. The red dye, manjit, 

 is made from the roots. 



Rubia tinctonim, 

 European Madder, 



RuBIACE-aE. 



F. B, I. iii. 203. 



Kashmir, 



cultivated 



(Falconer). 



Baluchistan 



(Lace), 



very like the last species, but leaves narrower, corolla 

 wheel-shaped, anthers linear-oblong, not round. 



Rubia himalayenese, like the last species, but not cultivated, more slender, 



RuBiACE^. broader, shorter, leaves long-stalked, corolla more funnel- 



F. B. I. iii. 203. shaped. ^ 



Kashmir 



(Falconer). 



Rubia albicaulis, 



EUBIACE^. 



F. B. I. iii. 204. 

 The Plains 

 from 2-8,000 ft. 

 The Salt Range. 

 Murree. 



like the last species, but doubtfully climbing, branches 

 often white, quite smooth, upper green with white thicken- 

 ed angles, leaves sessile, opposite, or 4 in a circle, linear- 

 lanceolate, flowers yellow. 



Galium 

 rotundifolium, 



see Prostrate Herbs, Opposite, Exstipulaie, Simple, 



