680 



Plants of the Punjab. 



WATER PLANTS. 

 Herbs with Alternate Stipulate Simple Leavea. 



Nelumbium 

 speciosum, 

 Sacred Lotus or 

 Egyptian Bean, 



Kanwal, pam'posh, 



Nymph^ce^. 



F. B. L i. 116. 



The Plains to 



6,000 ft. 



Kashmir. 



Pind Dadan Khan, 



Trapa bispinosa, 

 Horn nut, 



Singliara. 

 Onagrace^ or 

 Hydrocaryaceje. 

 F. B. L ii. 590. 

 The Plains, in 

 stagnant waters. 



Trapa natans, 



ONAGRACE.aE Or 



Hydrocaryaceje. 

 F. B. L ii. 690. 

 Kashmir. 



Petals ununited. 



large, perennial, juice milky, rootstoek submerged, 

 stout, creeping ; leaves 24-36 in. diam., waxy, bluish-green, 

 cupped, thin, standing above the water, stalks 3-6 ft. long, 

 full of spiral vessels, surface smooth or prickly, joined 

 to the centre of leaf-blade; flowers 4-10 in. diam., white 

 or pink, sepals 4-5, soon falling off, petals many, concave, 

 . veined, soon falling off, stamens manj^ soon falling off, 

 anthers with a clubbed appendage, carpels many, sunk in 

 spongy base of the flower, which breaks off the stalk, 

 then floats about, finally rots and the carpels each with 

 one seed sink to bottom of the pond and take root, styles 

 many, stigma terminal. The rootstoek is eaten ; and 

 the seed is used as a heart stimulant. 



medium size, perennial, floating, stem long, zigzag, 

 submerged portion at intervals gives off much divided pairs 

 of green organ s-Uke stipules at the base of the old leaf 

 scars ; leaves 2 by 2|-3 in., floating, crowded into rosettes 

 on the upper part of the stem, dark green, shining above, 

 woolly beneath, tips slightly round-toothed, stalk 4-6 in, 

 long, woolly, stipules linear, thin, soon falling off ; flow- 

 ers small, white, axillary, soHtary, stalked, calyx tube 

 short, 4-fid, 2 segments or all are persistent, becoming 

 spinescent on fruit, petals 4, small, stamens 4, style awl- 

 shaped, stigma round ; fruit 1-1| in. long and broad, horny, 

 ovoid wdth a broad top, one-celled, ripening under water, 

 4-angled, 2 or all spinescent with a short beak on the top 

 for the seed radical to protrude, seed one. The plant is 

 often cultivated in ponds, the seed is much eaten raw or 

 cooked. 



like the last species, but the floating leaves only 1 in. 

 diam., tip toothed deeply, stalk 2-4 in., smooth, under 

 surface only shghtly hairy on the nerves, fruit only | in., 

 broad, all 4 angles spinescent, 2 lateral spines shorter. 



Petals none. 

 see Herbs, Erect, Alternate, Stipulate, Simple. Entire, 



Jpolygonum gUbrum, see Herbs, Erect, Alternate, Stipulate, Simple, Entire. 



Polygonum 

 orientale, 



