THE TIMBERS OF COMMERCE 



smooth and checked longitudinally, similar to that of the Beech 

 in the east of U.S.A." (49). 



Uses, etc. " Ornamental purposes, ... a foot in diameter, 

 or usually smaller" (2). "Not strong" (100). 



Authorities. Anderson (2), p. 14. Hough (49), pt. vii. p. 23. 

 Sargent (100), p. 41. 



Colour. ' ' Light yellowish-brown streaked with purplish-brown 

 and with light yellow sap-wood" (49). Heart-wood irregular 

 in width and contour, defined but not sharply, from the sap- 

 wood, which is from J to inch wide. 



Anatomical Characters. Transverse section : 



Pores. Need lens, size 4, a slight diminution in the outer side 

 of the ring : thinly scattered, 10-25 per sq. mm. : scarce in 

 the Autumn wood : a single-rowed pore-ring : a tendency to 

 an oblique arrangement : in subdivided and often nested groups 

 of 2 to 8 pores. 



Rays. Fine but readily visible, size 5, uniform : long, scarcely 

 tapering, straight but slightly bent at the ring-boundaries : a 

 large pore-width or more apart : denser than the ground-tissue : 

 3-7 per mm. 



Rings. Very clear on account of the clearly-cut pore-ring : 

 contour undulating or irregularly lobed. 



Soft-tissue. Narrowly and neatly encircling the pores with- 

 out extensions. 



Pith. ? 



Radial Section. The pores appear as very fine, lustrous 

 grooves : the rays are just visible as small, pale flakes : the 

 ring-boundaries are inconspicuous, but well-defined by a fine 

 clearly-cut line, and the soft-tissue is practically invisible. 



Type specimens authenticated by Hough. 



No. 43. JAMAICA COGWOOD. Ceanothus 

 Chloroxylon. Nees. (?) 



Natural Order. Rhamneae. 



Synonym. Zizyphus chloroxylon, W. 



Alternative Name. Cerillo. 



Source of Supply. West Indies. 



Physical Characters, etc. Weight about 67 Ib. per cu. ft. 

 Hardness Grade i, compare Ebony. SmeD none. Taste in- 

 sipid. Burns badly with much crackling, difficult to ignite, 

 embers glow in still air. Solution with water bright brown. 



Grain. Very fine, close, even. Surface lustrous : the rays, 

 pores and ground-tissue all bright : the pores often glistening. 



Bark. ? 



Uses, etc. Turnery, mill-work, cogs of gear-wheels. " Very 

 elastic" (131). 



50 



