CORNEL 



cu. ft. Hardness Grade 2, compare Boxwood. Smell when 

 sawn something like fresh Pine, otherwise none : taste none. 

 Burns indifferently : embers glow in still air : solution with 

 water pinkish-brown. 



Grain. Extremely fine, close and even : surface bright with 

 dull pores which are however too small to affect the appearance. 



Bark. Smooth and leathery, inch thick. 



Uses, etc. " Furniture, tools, waggons . . . tough" (19). 

 Weapons by the natives of South Africa. It might be useful 

 for many purposes, as apart from a slight brittleness it works 

 excellently and will take a good finish. Usually confused with 

 Vlier (Nuxia floribunda) and Red Els (Cunonia capensis). 



Authorities. Nordlinger (86), vol. vii. p. 26. Boulger (15), 

 p. 156. Laslett (60), p. 103. 



Colour. Dark reddish-brown heart-wood, quite uniform, no 

 shaded zones: gradually fading into the somewhat lighter- 

 coloured sap-wood. 



Anatomical Characters. Transverse section : 



Pores. Need lens, size 5, almost uniform : evenly distributed : 

 numerous, about 45-100 per sq. mm. : mostly single, many pairs, 

 rarely if any threes : oval. 



Rays. Obscure and difficult to see with lens, medium, size 4, 

 apparently two sizes but really long-drawn-out, the "middles" 

 2-3 per mm. with many " ends " between them, i.e. 18-20 per mm. 

 and extremely fine, Grade 7, the width of a pore apart, straight, 

 not avoiding them : very little denser than the ground-tissue : 

 dark-brown. 



Rings. Vague and not always discernible : the boundary a 

 narrow zone of dense wood : contour well-rounded. 



So ft- tissue. Very little : isolated cells and short one-rowed 

 strings here and there. 



Pith. ? 



Radial Section. The pores are extremely fine lines, difficult 

 to see with the lens : the rays are darker brown flakes forming 

 a pretty, though inconspicuous figure : the rings are not traceable. 



Tangential Section. As the Radial, but the rays are minute, 

 brown lines about I mm. high, almost imperceptible with the lens. 



Type specimens from a log exhibited at the Colonial and 

 Indian Exhibition. 



No. 121. CORNEL. Cornus florida. Linn, (not 



Hook.) 

 PLATE IX. FIG. 76. 



Natural Order. Cornaceae. 

 Synonyms. Benthamia florida. Spach. 



139 



