THE TIMBERS OF COMMERCE 



is less enduring. " Moderately odorous " (49). Burns well but 

 embers soon die out and leave a carbonized stick. Solution with 

 water clear : with alcohol faint brown, darkening and giving a 

 ppt. with potash. Surface dull except in tangential section. 



Grain. Fine, straight and even. 



Bark. About 1 inch thick, of two layers of equal thickness, the 

 inner finely laminated (lens), the outer stripping in stiff layers, 

 which are harsh to the touch. " Rather thin, of a rich purple- 

 "brown colour, composed of laminae of alternately purple and light- 

 brown colours . . . becomes fissured with age " (49). 



Uses, etc. " Very durable in contact with the soil " (49). 

 Should be equally serviceable for pencil-making to the wood of 

 J. virginiana commonly used, but would scarcely command the 

 same price on account of its poorer appearance. " Fencing and 

 fuel " (100). 



Authorities. Macoun (66), p. 461. Hough (49), pt. vii. p. 47. 

 Sargent (100), p. 181. 



Colour. Heart-wood, uniform, rich pinkish-brown. Sap-wood 

 whitish. 



Anatomical Characters. As those of J. virginiana, No. 225, of 

 which it might be taken to be a pale-coloured variety. 



Resin-cells. Difficult to see with lens, probably on account of 

 the paler resin. 



Rays. Brown or yellow rather than red. 



Type specimen authenticated by Hough. 



No. 228. CLANWILLIAM CEDAR. Callitris 

 arborea. Schrad. 



PLATE XVI. FIG. 140. 



Natural Order. Coniferae. 



Source of Supply. South Africa. 



Physical Characters, etc. Recorded dry-weight 36 Ibs. per 

 cu. ft. Hardness Grade 7, compare Deal. Smell delightfully frag- 

 rant. Taste nauseous. Burns well with a powerful, breath- 

 catching, but not unpleasant odour : embers glow in still air. 

 Solution colourless. 



Grain. Very smooth, fine and even. Surface rather dull but 

 somewhat frosted : easily soils. 



Bark. ? 



Uses, etc. ? 



Colour. Light brown or yellow. Not resinous. 



Anatomical Characters. Transverse section : 



Resin-pores. None, but there are certain resinous cells in series 

 simulating the pores (without lining-cells) : dark brown, fine, 

 need lens : only locally numerous, especially near the pith. 



258 



