270-feet, 300-feet. 350-feet. 400-feet. 



For comparative table of actual and nominal measure- 

 ment, showing the gain for freight, see Appendix II. 



Floor Joists. Joists, strong in character, to carry on their upper 

 edges wood and other floors. 



Flume. (1) An inclined trough in which water runs, used in 

 transporting logs or timbers. Flumes are in use on the 

 Pacific coast of North America, Austria, Switzerland, Nor- 

 way, and other mountainous districts of the world. (2) A 

 water slide. 



FlutingS or Flutes (Lat. fluo). The hollows or channels cut 

 perpendicularly in the shafts of columns, etc. They are used 

 in all the classical kinds of architecture except the Tuscan. 

 In some instances the hollows or flutes are filled with 

 " ovalos " in their lower parts, in which case they are termed 

 " reeds " (which see). 



Font Cover. A wooden lid or cover of a font. By certain 

 ecclesiastical injunctions in the Middle Ages such covers were 

 imperative, hence, during the last century of restoration of 

 old churches or monuments, the custom has been revived, 

 followed, and elaborated in altitude and design until they 

 have become important or crowning features. 



Foot-power Lathes. Small lathes worked by foot power. 



Fore (in Foreman, Forecourt and Foremast). As a prefix, implies 

 priority in time, place, order or importance ; hence a " fore- 

 man " is the chief servant of a trader or manufacturer, 

 having charge of men or machinery. " Forecourt " of a 

 building the front court, which implies an erection posses- 

 sing, like certain halls and colleges, more than one court. 

 Foremast, a mast placed in the forepart or forecastle of a ship. 



Forest and Forester. Appear to be terms that landed in this 

 country with the Normans. Original form seems to be 

 preserved in the Italian Foresto = wild, savage, foreign. It 

 is curious that in England a forest is read to imply a great 

 tract of woodland, but in Scotland, where a treeless area is 

 viewed as a forest, the reverse is actually the case. " Fores- 

 ter " is an officer appointed to watch a forest, preserve the 

 game, and institute suits for trespasses. See " Forest 

 Science " and " Afforest," 



