HAN] ( 60 ) 



H 



Habitat. A word used generally by naturalists to express the 

 nature of the situation or locality in which a tree or plant 

 grows. 



Hacmatack. See " Tamarack." 



Haft and Heft. Expressive of the handle of a tool. Terms now 

 practically identical, but which may have had different roots 

 in the old Saxon tongue. 



Half -timbering. In " half -timber " houses, etc., meaning framed 

 beams, posts, or studs, with the spaces or panels filled in 

 with clay, stone-slabs, bricks or two-sided lath and plaster 

 work ; a primitive or old form of walling, abandoned in 

 towns after the Great Fire of London in 1666 in favour of 

 stone, brick, iron or concrete. In walls consist of " post 

 and pan or panel work." See "Wall" and "Post and 

 Pan." 



Hammer-beam. A beam, or really two beams, in the principal 

 of a Gothic roof, occupying the same level as the principal - 

 beam or tie-beam of a " King " or " Queen-post ' roof. 

 They represent the latter beam with its central part cut 

 out, or the tie broken ; constructionally it is a weak roof, 

 the gain being confined to obtaining a greater idea of height 

 with the central portion of the tie-beam absent. See " Col- 

 lar-beam." 



Hammer Mark. Distinguishing marks driven into the wood by 

 a blow from a hammer. See " Brands." 



Hand-barrow. A barrow or vehicle borne by the hands of men, 

 and without a wheel. 



Hand-feed Planing Machines. Machines in which the material 

 is fed past the cutters by hand, generally referring to a 

 machine with horizontal revolving cutter block and tables 

 to support the work as it is passed over the cutters. 



Hand-hawk. A poetic term; a tool reserved to the plasterer, 

 and in a minor degree in the kindred trades of mason and 

 brick-layer; a square, thin, wood board, held in one hand in 

 a horizontal position by a perpendicular wood handle ; the 

 act of using it is figurative of " the hawk in hand." 



Hand-hook. A short " steel-hook " with a wooden handle, 

 similar to that of a gimlet ; the point is sharp, and when 



