the spring of 1887 from a Californian firm to the Parry and Lovett 

 nurseries of New Jersey, tlie firm of Stark Brothers acting in this ease 

 as transmitting agents. From these New Jersey nurseries as starting 

 points, many of our eastern nurseries became infested, thus increasing 

 the number of centres of distribution. IMany orchards throughout the 

 country also became infested with the scale as a result of the direct pur- 

 chase of stock from these nurseries 



While it is generally conceded that 18^7 marks the date of the first 

 importation of the scale to the east, a case has recently come to the 

 wi'iter's attention that would indicate the possibility of the occurrence 

 of the San Jose scale in a Long Island nurserj^ at a date somewhat 

 earlier than that of the New Jersey infestation, and possibly as a result 

 of the direct importation of trees from Japan. The facts are these : — 



In the vicinity of Boston there is an educational institution where 

 particular attention is given to the study of trees and shrubs. On the 

 grounds of this institution there is a colony of the San Jose scale which 

 is confined in great measure to a plot of perhaps thirty Japanese quince 

 bushes. These bushes, accordino^ to the testimony of those in charge ot 

 the grounds, " have been infested for many years." Careful records of 

 all trees planted are kept by the authorities of the institution, and in 

 this case the records show that the bushes in question were purchased 

 from three sources : the firm of James Veitch & Sons. London. England, 

 in IS^^l ; Louis Spiith, Rixdorf, Berlin. Germany, in 188H ; and the Par- 

 sons »t Sons Companj', Flushing, Long Island, in 1884. The greater 

 part of the bushes were obtained from the latter source, and these are 

 infested to the greatest extent, although the scale occurs on all of them. 

 The infestation of this nursery ior many years past is a matter of com- 

 mon knowledge among entomologists and nurserymen; also the lact 

 that this nurserjr has paid especial attention to thf importation and dis- 

 tribution of Japanese stock. Unfortunately, all of these Japanese quin- 

 ces were grown for one season in a very compact plot, and their 

 infestation is so general that it is impossible to decide which were the 

 ones originally infested. From an inspection of the grounds it is evi- 

 dent that these bushes are the centre of infestation in this colony: and, 

 unless it is shown that the English and (lerman nurseries are infested, 

 of which there is no evidence at present, the natural inference is that 

 the Long Island nurser}' is the source from which the infested stock was 

 obtained, thus antedating the New Jersey occurrence by about three 

 years. Against the conclusion that the Long Island stock was the 

 source of the scale at this particular locality may be placed the length 

 of time elapsing since its purchase. — some fourteen years. The time 

 required for the killing of trees by the scale is placed by Messrs How- 

 ard and Marlatt at from two to three }ears. In the south where the 

 active season of the insect is longer than it is here, and the warmer 

 climate more favorable to its multiplication, undoubtedly this may be 

 the case It is also probable that a longer time is required for the de- 

 struction of trees from this cause in this region ; for we have records of 

 an apple orchard at Scituate. Mass., planted in 1892 with infested trees 

 two or three years old. of which about ninety per cent, although very 

 badly affected, were alive in 1897. at which time remedial measures 

 were applied Since a Japanese quince with vigorous roots will throw 

 out an abundance of new shoots year after year as the old wood dies oft", 

 the continued inl'estation since 1884 of the bushes previously mentioned 

 does not seem beyond the limits of possibility 



In a recent bulletin Dr Howard gives the present distribution of the 

 San Josf^ scale in the United States as folh-ws : — 



Alabama. Arkansas, Arizona. California. Connecticut. Delaware. Dis 

 trict of Columbia, l^lorida. Georgia, Idaho. Illinois. Indiana Kentucky, 

 INlaryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, INHssissippi Missouri, 

 Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, 



