31 



Amount oj Hoots and Stubble and Valuable Ingredients left in One Acre . 



Kind op Plant and Portion Analyzed. 



Timothy and redtop, stubble and total roots to 



deptli of 3 feet, 



Buckwheat, stubble and roots to depth of 1 foot, 

 Cow pea, suibble and roots to depth of 28 inches, 

 Clover, stubble and total roots to depth of 3 feet, 

 Vetch, stubble and roots to depth of 22 inches, 

 Yellow lupine, stubble and roots to depth of 30 



inchcH, 



Blue lupine, stubble and roots to depth of 30 



inches, 



White lupine, stubble and roots to depth of 30 



inches, 



Horse bean, stubble and roots to depth of 22 



inches, 



Soy bean, stubble and roots to depth of 22 inches, 



Roots 

 andStubble ^..^^gen, 

 free). 



lbs. 



8,223 

 483 

 1,904 

 2,906 

 1,555 



1,429 



1,256 



1,034 



1,759 

 701 



IbB. 



90.1 

 4.4 



^5.9 

 60.2 

 27.2 



15.7 



10.7 



11.0 



31.8 

 8.6 



lbs. 



25.2 

 1.3 

 7.5 



15.1 



7.2 



4.9 



2.9 



1.9 



6.1 

 2.2 



lbs. 



55.8 

 3.8 



20.6 

 45.4 



27.7 



23.4 



12.5 



10.7 



19.5 

 5.7 



It seems desirable to remark, in connection with this table, that while 

 the work was no doubt accurately done it appears doubtful, in view of 

 known facts and the results of others, whether the results of these inves- 

 tigations do justice to the plants of the clover familj'. Indeed, in his 

 report the author quotes results of other investigators, showing several 

 times more nitrogen in roots and stubble of clover than his own inves- 

 tigation discovers. Thus, for example. Dr. Voelcker of England is 

 quoted as reporting 100 pounds of nitrogen per acre in the roots only of 

 clover, while Dr. Weiske of Germany is quoted as reporting 180 pounds 

 in the roots and stubble. Dr. Weiske is also quoted as reporting in the 

 roots and stubble of rye 62 pounds of nitrogen per acre, of l)arley 22 

 pounds, of oats 25 pounds, of buckwheat 45 pounds, of peas 53 pounds 

 and of lupines 58 pounds. Though diftering in detail all these results 

 demonstrate, in a striking manner, the fact that the stubble and roots 

 have a large manurial value. It would seem, therefore, in the great 

 majority of instances that the feeding of the catch-crop, the careful sav- 

 ing and application of the excreta of the animals consuming it, together 

 with the manurial value of the stubble and roots, will give us the largest 

 possible returns. 



The most important among the various crops which may be appro- 

 priately considered under our subject are the following : rye, oats, bar- 

 ley, Hungarian grass, millets, buckwheat, white mustard, rape, English 

 turnips, spurry, vetches, peas, lupines, serradella, crimson clover, sweet 

 clover and red clovers. Possibly used for the same purposes, although 

 requiring a much longer season than most of the above-named crops, 

 may be mentioned the cow pea, the horse bean and the soy bean. 



It remains now only to point out the particular uses and adaptations 

 of each of these crops, to give directions for sowing them and a state- 

 ment, so far as experimental results allow, of the beneficial effects ob- 

 tained in this country by their cultivation. 



Rije. — Rye is one of the most useful catch-crops. It is not capable of 

 assimilating atmosiiheric nitrogen and so cannot enrich the soil in that 



