■264 



THE AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL. 



all ordinary bee-keepers, is : Winter none 

 l3ut strong colonies ; be sure thej' have 

 plenty of bees, and enough honey to last 

 until April, (that should be at least 20 lbs. 

 if weighed in this month) and plenty of 

 empty room for the bees to cluster. Give 

 space between each comb for air to pass 

 at top, putting on quilts OA-er the spaces ; 

 nearly close the entrance. These rules ap- 

 ply equally to those who protect on sum- 

 mer stands. 



Our way of breaking up the nucleus or 

 small hives is : Put the frames of two, 

 three or four together in a full sized hive, 

 and shake the bees together at the en- 

 trance. If all the queens but one are 

 taken from them a few days before, they 

 will unite peaceably. Then we take the 

 queens from No. 1 and No. 2, (perhaps 

 from No. 3, if the nuclei are not strong) 

 and leave No. 4 with its queen. A few 

 days after, have a full sized hive in readi- 

 ness, put all the best combs, with enough 

 honey in it, shaking off what bees you can 

 at the entrance, (if some are left on the 

 combs it is no matter). All the bees will 

 go in, and all being in a strange hive, have 

 no disposition to quarrel. Tiie first cold 

 night will find them comfortably clustered 

 together,' and they are to be treated like 

 any other hive. 



Unless colonies with two little honey 

 have been fed before this month, they had 

 better be united in the same manner. 



"What to do with the surplus queens, 

 you must decide for yourself- If they are 

 pure Italians, give them to some hives 

 that have poorer queens. They are few 

 apiaries where some queens may not be 

 ■ found that are worthless or nearly so, 

 and tills is tlie best of all reasons to re- 

 . place them if possible. 



a cell. Not seeing the old queen, Mr. 

 Rogers supposed her to be killed. 



The young queen became fertile, but 

 on opening the hive again, some time 

 after, to his surprise he saw the old 

 queen, and on the same frame with her 

 young one. Several times since, he has 

 seen both old and young queens apparent- 

 ly living in peace. 



We have twice seen a young and old 

 queen together in the same hive, but be- 

 lieve such instances are very rare. 



Mr. Rogers, a subscriber in Nebraska, 

 ■reports a singular sircumstance. On ex- 

 amining one of his hives containing a 

 choice queen, wings clipped, he found 

 <jueen cells, indicating a determination to 

 -replace the queen. He destroyed them ; 

 but in a few days found others, which he 

 also destroyed. The hive was not opened 

 again for two weeks ; when a young 

 <iueen was discovered, just emerging from 



Bee-Keeping. 



The following is the report of the com- 

 mittee on foul brood: 



Salt Lake City, 



Oct. 9th, 1874. 



Foul brood is a contagious disease a- 

 mong bees, atfecting the young bees in the 

 larva state before and after they are cap- 

 ped; they die in the cells and become pu- 

 trid, emitting a stench, easily detected sev- 

 eral feet from the hive. 



On examining the frame of brood, the 

 caps over the diseased larva are depressed 

 or indented and of a darker color than the 

 healthy brood. 



Bee-keepers have been unable to assign 

 a cause for this disease, neither have they 

 found a remedy, but to destroy all the 

 comb containing brood by burying it. 

 Comb containing honey can be put into 

 an oven at night, when there are no bees 

 about, and melt out the honey which may 

 be used in the family, but must not be fed 

 to bees; after it is melted, let it stand un- 

 til cold, when the wax and all impurities 

 will be found on the top, which must be 

 taken and buried. 



The hives with the frames must not be 

 used for bees again, nor put where they 

 can get at them. 



We would advise all bee-keepers to ex- 

 amine their bees at once, and if foul brood 

 is found they must follow the above in- 

 structions and rid the Territory of this 

 terrible disease. 



I. Bullock, 



J. MoUGAN, 



C. Monk, 

 G. Bailey, 



Committee. 



The philosophy of wintering bees 

 is a right temperature of atmosphere 

 and a proper escape of the surplus 

 moisture accuimulating from the respi- 

 ration and i)erspiration of the bees. 



