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REVIEW OF REVIEWS. 



Septemter 1, 1913. 



within marching distance of her capital, 

 Bulgaria had perforce to agree to the 

 original demands of the Servians and 

 Greeks ; Roumania also wrung some 

 territory from her, but prevented the 

 other two getting still more than 

 they had demanded before they at- 

 tacked Bulgaria. Peace was formally 

 signed at Bucharest on August loth, 

 and was made the occasion for compli- 

 mentary messages between King Charles 

 and the Kaiser, to whose efforts a final 

 settlement appears largely to have been 

 due ; the " war lord " of Europe thus 

 again justifying the contention that he 

 has safeguarded the peace of Europe 

 more than any other man during the 

 last two decades. The Bulgarian dele- 

 gates signed, much protesting, and were 

 encouraged to believe that Russia and 

 Austria would insist upon a revision of 

 the terms. This at first they appear to 

 have intended doing, but they have now 

 acquiesed, and King Ferdinand's pro- 

 tests fall on deaf ears. 



The Treaty Terms. 



The map shows the areas which were 

 in dispute between the Allies, and the 

 settlement has followed pretty much 

 on those lines. Thus Greece and Servia 

 secure the whole of the Vardar valley 

 and railway line, which gives Servia 

 direct access to Salonika. Nothing has 

 been said about any arrangement be- 

 tween the two Allies with regard to this 

 port, but there is no doubt whatever that 

 in future it will be the outlet for Ser- 

 vian produce. The action of Italy and 

 Austria in refusing to allow Servia to 

 own a port on the Adriatic has been 

 largely responsible for the war with 

 Bulgaria. Greece takes the port of 

 Kavala, her eastern frontier being the 

 river Mester. The Serbo-Bulgarian 

 frontier is continued due south to Istib 

 and thence to Strumnitza, which Bul- 

 garia is allowed to retain. The Greco- 

 Bulgarian frontier runs almost due east 

 from Strumnitza to Buk, on the Mester. 

 This arrangement deprives Bulgaria of 

 the whole of Chalcidice, and leaves her 

 with access to the ^gean, it is true, but 

 without a single adequate port on the 

 whole of her coastline. One will have 

 to be made at enormous cost. 



Turkey Intervenes. 



The conclusion of this treaty by no 

 means ends Bulgaria's troubles. Ac- 

 cording to the Treaty of London the 

 Turco-Bulgaria frontier was to be a 

 line from Enos, on the yEgean, to Midia 

 on the Black Sea. Whilst the Allies 

 were fighting amongst themselves the 

 astute Ottomans had occupied Adrian- 

 ople, and marched an apparently well- 

 organised army, various!}- estimated at 

 from 200,000 to 400,000 men. up to the 

 old frontier of Bulgaria itself. The 

 Turkish Government justifies this action 

 in an extraordinary coinjiiiiniqiie. This 

 states, in effect, that the Enos-Midia 

 line was erroneously taken b\- Bulgaria 

 to mean a straight line between the two 

 towns. The Ottoman inter]iretation is 

 that the frontier should follow the 

 River Maritza due north to Adrianople, 

 and thence east to IMidia. otherwise, goes 

 on this precious document, it would be 

 impossible to properly guard the Dar- 

 danelles ! About as absurd a conten- 

 tion as it would be to say that a fron- 

 tier line between Sydney and Melbourne 

 should go via Adelaide. No one can 

 take any notice of this effort to save 

 Turkey's face ; the real thing is that the 

 Turks actually occupy all the territory 

 they now demand. Bulgaria has been 

 compelled to demobilise, and neither 

 Roumania nor the two Balkan Allies 

 will do anything to compel the Turks to 

 evacuate. The Sultan fully recognises 

 the truth of what a shrewd German 

 diplomatist said when asked, " What 

 will Turkey get?" " If she stops at Lule 

 Burgas," he replied, " she will get a 

 frontier from Enos via the Ergene to 

 Midia ; if she goes to Adrianople. she 

 will get a Maritza-Ergene-Midia fron- 

 tier ; if she goes to Philippopolis, she 

 will get Adrianople!" 



What Will the Powers Do? 



Naturally this flagrant violation of 

 the Treaty of Berlin, backed as it was 

 by the united Powers, has created a 

 great sensation. Mr. Asquith and Lord 

 Morley have both solemnly warned the 

 Sultan that he must abide by the treaty, 

 or worse things will befall him. Euro- 

 pean statesmen have protested to the 

 Porte. Bulgaria, disarming herself ac- 



