7o8 



REVIEW OF REVIEWS. 



September 1, 1913. 



liquid to make a " broth " of greater 

 or less density as may be required. 

 " Zoolak " is the liquid commonly used. 

 A most interesting fact, however, is that 

 where it is desired to retard the move- 

 ment of the mass, grated pineapple is 

 used instead of zoolak, since the par- 

 ticles of pineapple fibre are roughened, 

 or provided with minute books, which 

 cling to the surface of the mucous mem- 

 brane and thus cause the downward 

 movement to be slower. 



Thus a sort of cast of the interior of 

 the hollow organs is formed which 

 shows both form and motions with more 

 or less accuracy, and in certain cases 

 also shows diseased conditions. 



Dr. Levy-Dorn is most particular, 

 however, to observe that it is by no 

 means an easy matter to distinguish be- 

 tween the normal and the abnormal, the 

 regular and the accidental, in making 

 X-ray diagnoses. It requires in fact a 

 highly trained expert. And the largest 

 progress of all, he considers, lies in the 

 enormous amount of material gathered 

 by many separate investigators and 

 tabulated so as to form sources of infor- 

 mation and comparison for such ex- 

 perts. There exists already a great mass 

 of valuable technical information of this 

 nature in pamphlets, periodicals, and 

 archives devoted to the subject. 



Not only diagnosis, but therapeutics, 



has derived vast advantage from the 

 use of the X-rays. 



It was not long before it was dis- 

 covered that these rays might be sources, 

 of grave injury to those exposed to 

 them, including their manipulators — 

 especially to the skin, to those organs 

 which evolve the blood, and to sex- 

 organs. This field of medicine, like all 

 others, has a roll of noble martyrs. But 

 these very injuries led not only to the 

 knowledge of proper precautions, but of 

 their tremendous effectiveness as reme- 

 dies in some cases. 



Thev were first used in all sorts of 

 skin affections, then in blood-affections, 

 for malignant tumors, and for certain 

 forms of tuberculosis. 



The greatest recent progress has been 

 made in treating trouble peculiar tn 

 women, such as hemorrhages and 

 myoma. 



Finally, there has been an admirable 

 development of technique in the methods 

 of handling the rays so as to obtain 

 powerful internal action at certain spots, 

 without injuring the skin or other 

 tissues. 



In this connection we may mention 

 the differentiation between the " soft 

 rays " and the " hard rays," which is a 

 matter not touched on by Dr. Levy- 

 Dorn, but is well known to X-ray 

 specialists. 



CALIFORNIA'S CASE AGAINST JAPAN. 



The state of mind of intelligent Cali- 

 fornians on ttie Japanese question is 

 dramatically illustrated by an incident 

 that occurred during the session of the 

 legislature which passed the alien land 

 law, and is related by Chester H. 

 Rowel 1, editor of the Ciil.fornian Out- 

 look, in an article in the Worlds Work. 

 In reply to a legislator who pleaded for 

 conservative action, " a gaunt farmer " 

 arose to reply : — 



" Up at Elk Grove, where I live,"' he said, 

 " on the next farm a Japanese man lives, 

 and a white woman. That woman is carrv- 

 inp; around a baby in her arms. What is 

 that baby? It isn't white. It isn't Japan- 

 ese. I'll tell you what it is — 



" It is the heginnino of the hiqcjcst prob- 

 lem that ever faced the American people!" 



Psychologically, comments Mr. 

 Rowel 1, this statement epitomises the 



whole question : " What sort of baby 

 shall prefigure the future Californian P'" 



Injustice has been the only American way 

 of meeting a race problem. We dealt un- 

 justly by the Indian, and he <li«'d. We deal 

 unjustly with the negro, and ho ciibmits. 

 If Japanese ever oome in suDScient nuinber.t 

 to constitute a race problem, we sliall deal 

 unjustly with them — and they will neither 

 die nor submit. This is the bigness of the 

 problem, seen in the telescope of the imagina- 

 tion, and is the whole reason for the emo- 

 tional intensity of Calfornia's agitation ov^er 

 a situation who^e pre&ent pr^ictical dimen- 

 sions are relatively insignificant. Caiifor- 

 nians are vividly conscious of th.Mr position 

 as the warders of the Western mark. They 

 hold not merely a political and i^eoiirapliic, 

 but a racial, frontier — the border between 

 the white man's and the brown man's -world. 

 To a keen sense of this trust, the possible 

 crisis takes on the significance of a new 

 Thermojjylje. Psychologically, this is the 

 Japanese problem in California, and no Tiew 

 of the situation nx)uld be just to California 



