HYDRAULICS AND HYDROSTATICS. 



243 



and that with a pump, the large cylinder of which is not 

 more than 4 inches diameter ; and by decreasing the smaller 

 tube from one inch diameter to half an inch the power will 

 be increased four-fold, or to nearly 9 tons. 



Price, $40.00. 



Fig. 265. 



Hydrostatic Paradox with Movable Piston. The displac- 

 ing of any portion of fluid by a fixed solid, whatever be the 

 weight of the solid, produces no difference in the weight of 

 the fluid, provided it stands at the same height as before, 

 and raising the height of the fluid by plunging a solid into 

 it, increases its pressure, or apparent weight. If the fluid 

 is raised by pressing or forcing it upwards, in however thin 

 a column, provided the vessel be kept full, and closed in all 

 directions, the pressure of the fluid and the apparent weight, 

 of the vessel will be increased, although nothing whatever, 

 either solid or fluid, is added to it. To illustrate this prin- 

 ciple, the instrument represented in the above cut (Fig. 

 265), is used. The cylindrical vessel, A B c D, has a glass 

 tube closely fitted into its top, and a rod, E c, fixed to a 

 plate, F G, moving up and down, water-tight, in the cylinder 



