iv MODERN E VOL UTION 1 33 



mammals differ from each other. He is, like them, 

 begotten by sexual conjugation ; like them, developed 

 from a fertilised egg, and in his embryonic condition 

 passes through stages recapitulating the variety of 

 enormously remote ancestors of whom he is the 

 perfected descendant. Full-grown, he appears as 

 most nearly allied to the anthropoid or man-like 

 apes ; so much does his skeleton resemble theirs that, 

 comparing him with the chimpanzee, we find, with 

 very few exceptions, bone for bone, differing only in 

 size, arrangement, and proportion. 



Mr. Wallace, therefore, rejected the idea of man's 

 special creation ' as being entirely unsupported by 

 facts, as well as in the highest degree improbable.' 

 But he would not allow that natural selection explains 

 the origin of maris spiritual and intellectual nature. 

 These, he argues, ' must have had another origin, and 

 for this origin we can find an adequate cause only 

 in the unseen universe of Spirit.' More detailed 

 treatment of this argument will be given further on ; 

 here reference is made to it as furnishing the explana- 

 tion why Mr. Wallace kept not his ' first estate/ and 

 dropped out of the ranks of Pioneers of Evolu- 

 tion. Many subjects, as hinted above, have occu- 

 pied his facile pen land nationalisation, causes of 

 depression in trade, labourers' allotments, vaccination, 

 et hoc genus omne ; showing, at least, the prominence 

 which all social matters occupy in the minds of the 

 leading exponents of the theory of Evolution. For 

 of this, as will be seen, both Herbert Spencer and 

 Huxley supply cogent examples in their application 

 of that theory to human interests. But it is as a 

 defender, although on lines of his own not wholly 



