21 



healthy, then two sons who were insane at the ages of 36 and 27, then a 

 healthy son, then another son who also was insane at 27, finally five children 

 who died in early life, probably through the neglect of a drunken mother, 

 indicated by small, shaded, circular figures. One member of this drunken 

 and insane family married into a healthy, sound stock. Seven children 

 were the fruit of this marriage; of these, two sons and a daughter were 

 normal and three were insane, two of them having become insane at the age 

 of 13. The clear circle with a black centre indicates bodily disease. 



I used to give this pedigree as an instance of drink causing insanity, 

 but after the establishment of the card system of relatives I found the notes 

 of the sister of the drunken grandmother ; she was an inmate of Colney 

 Hatch for 20 years. It sometimes happens that the one is taken and the 

 other left, and it would have been a benefit to society if the drunken pro- 

 genitor of this degenerate stock had been taken. 



Fig. 8. The ending of a degenerate stock is illustrated in this pedigree. 

 A very distinguished man had a dissolute daughter, drunken and immoral 

 (figure with a cross) ; she had a daughter who behaved in a similar manner, 

 was married twice, then became insane; by her first husband she had two 

 children born dead. 



Fig. 9. A pedigree showing pauperism, fecundity, insanity, and infant 

 mortality. Shaded circles indicate infants dying in early life. 



CM? 



Fig. 9 



