FORMATION OF ORGANZINE. 103 



by the English, floss. This floss is employed in the man- 

 ufacture of gloves, mittens, and all kinds of silk hosiery. 

 The silk furnished by the cocoons is usually divided 

 into six qualities. The 1st quality is called Singles 

 2d, Organzine or warp 3d, Tram or woof 4th, sew- 

 ing silk of the first and second quality 5th, Cordonct 

 or twist t and 6th Filoselle or floss. 



THROWING OR MAKING ORGANZINE. 



Raw Silk, previous to weaving, must first be made to 

 assume one of three forms, either singles, tram or or- 

 ganzine. 



Singles are formed by the very simple process of 

 twisting the raw silk, in order to communicate a greater 

 degree of firmness to its texture. 



Tram, or woof is formed by the twisting together, 

 though not very closely, of two or more threads of raw 

 silk, without first twisting them separately. 



Organzine is used principally for the warp. It is 

 formed by mills or machines constructed for this pur- 

 pose. 



In the formation of organzine, the silk is first wound 

 from the skein on to bobbins or spools. These thus 

 wound, are next sorted into different, qualities. The 

 thread is next twisted by the spindle after passing twice 

 around an iron pulley, which is grooved in its outer cir- 

 cumference and two inches in diameter. This serves 

 to regulate and compress the threads, and to give them a 

 round form. Two or more of these threads are next 

 united and twisted together in an opposite direction. 

 Lastly, the different qualities of organzine thus prepared, 

 are sorted according to their different degrees of fine- 

 ness. 



The gum serves the very important purpose of pre- 

 serving the adhesion of the fibres of the silk until the 

 whole is formed into organzine, or ready to be woven. 

 After the organzining is completely formed on the bob- 



