62 THE AMERICAN YINE-DRESSER'S GUIDE. 



on the ~bendS) for which a half twist is all that 

 is required. 



The incision should be made with a very 

 sharp pruning-knife, and with the greatest 

 precaution, in order not to touch the wood, 

 and that the bark alone be removed. Or it 

 may be accomplished with a kind of scissors, 

 with semi-circular blades, which on closing 

 shall completely encircle the branch. While 

 turning the instrument, to cut the bark, be 

 careful not to press too forcibly, as the wood 

 might be injured thereby, which is to be 

 avoided. "With this instrument the work can 

 be done quicker and with less danger. 



OF GRAFTING. 



SOME kinds of grapes grow better in cer- 

 tain districts than in others, ripen more thor- 

 oughly, are better, and make better wine. 

 Experience is the only guide in this respect. 

 Instead of removing vines that do not thrive 



