HO THE AMERICAN VINE-DRESSER'S GUIDE. 



The stripped bunches together with the 

 grape skins make an excellent fertilizer, espe- 

 cially for kitchen and flower gardens, as it 

 keeps the soil always light. 



OF THE MANAGEMENT OF WINES. 



INASMUCH as fermentation continues for 

 some time after the wine has been put into 

 casks or foudres, if these were bunged too 

 tightly they might burst. Let simply a cloth 

 be placed upon the bung hole and covered 

 with sand, and care be taken to leave the 

 cask within a half-gallon of being full. 



When the fermentation has become mod- 

 erate, fill up the casks and bung loosely ; after 

 which let the filling of the casks up to the 

 bung be renewed every week, without which 

 you would expose the wine to grow mouldy 

 on the top and be spoiled. Continue in this 

 manner until March, when the sap of the vine 

 ordinarily begins to ferment ; then draw off, 



