ADULTERANTS. 43 



milk contains Martius' yellow, ammonium hydroxid 

 intensifies the color and hydrochloric acid bleaches it. 

 Starch may be detected by the blue color developed 

 on the addition of solution of iodin to the milk, which 

 has previously been heated to the boiling temperature 

 and then cooled. Starch is very often added to ice- 

 cream and similar articles. 



Salt and Cane sugar are occasionally added to milk 

 that has been diluted with water. The former is easily 

 detected by the taste, the increased proportion of ash 

 and of chlorin. Cane sugar may be detected, if in con- 

 siderable quantity, by the taste. The quantitive de- 

 termination is made by the methods described in con- 

 nection with condensed milk. 



Additions such as calf's brain, may be detected by 

 microscopic examination of the milk, or of the sedi- 

 ment, if any be formed on standing. 



Antiseptic substances are now largely employed by 

 dairymen and milk purveyors, especially in the warmer 

 seasons, as a substitute for refrigeration. Preparations 

 of boric acid and borax are most frequently used and 

 are often sold under proprietary names which give no 

 indication of their composition. Sodium carbonate 

 is occasionally used to prevent coagulation resulting 

 from slight souring. 



Sodium Carbonate. The following method, due to 

 E. Schmidt, is stated to be capable of detecting one- 

 tenth of one per cent, of sodium carbonate, or of sodium 

 acid carbonate. 



