26 VIOLACE^E. 



CISTAC11E. 



HELIANTHEMTTM, Tournefort. 

 H. scoparium, Nutt. Woody-based stems, slender: flowers yellow. Cent & S. Cat, 



YIOLACEJ1. 



VIOLA, Linnaeus. 

 * Leaves all cordate and reniform. 



Stems erect or prostrate: leaves flat 5, 10, 11 



Stemless: flowers white or blue 1, 2 



* * Leaves not all cordate or reniform: not lobed. 



Flowers blue or violet and white 3, 4 



Flowers yellow 7, 8, 9, 10, 12 



* * * Leaves lobed or divided. Flowers yellow or yellow and purple or blue, 



Stems a few inches to a foot high 6, 13 



Stems short or none 13, 14, 15 



1. V. blanda, Willd. White flowers. Alpine in wet places. 



2. V. cucullata, Ait. Light blue to white petals, 5 to 8 lines long. 



3. V. canina, Linn. var. adunca Gr. Blue flowers, long spurred. 



4. V. cuneata, Watson. Leaves tapering at base: flowers purple and white. 



6. V. ocellata, T. & G. Leaves coarsely crenate: flowers white, purple marked. 



6. V. Hallii, Gr. Gray-green: upper petals purple; lower light yellow. 



7. V. pedunculata, T. & G. Orange-yellow petals brown on the back. 



8. V. praemorsa, Dougl. A variable species heretofore known as F. aurea, KelL 

 Leaves ovate or narrower, crenate. 



9. V. Nuttallii, Pursh. Leaves oblong, margins entire. N. Cal., Or. 



10. V. sarmentosa, Dougl. Slender stems prostrate: leaves small. 



11. V. glabella, Nutt. Leaves large, bright green, thin, acute. 



12. V. lobata, Benth. Leaves pedately lobed or some entire. 

 Var. integrifolia, Watson. Leaves not lobed: coarsely toothed. 



13. V. chrysantlia, Hooker. Leaves bipinnatifid: flowers like No. 7. 



14. V. Beckwithii, T. & G. Flowers purple or blue and yellow. 



15. V. Sheltonii, Torr. Narrower petals yellow, purple veined, 



POLYGALACEJE. 



Side sepals petaloid, larger: petals 3 united with stamens, middle one hooded and 



beaked * 



Sepals and petals 5 each, unequal : stamens 4: fruit prickly 2 



