(VIOLET FAMILY.) 25 



Var. (?) strictum, Wat. Sepals green, persistent; fruiting racemes crowded cylin- 

 dric-capitate, the pedicels erect, low and spreading. This plant seems to be a separate 

 epecies. It has been found in San Francisco, by Miss Annie Hughes. 



9. THYSANOCARPUS, Hook. 



Pod 1-celled, 1-seeded, plano-convex, mostly pendulous on slender pedicels. Flowers 

 minute, white or rose-colored. 



1. T. curvipes, Hook. Six inches to two feet high; the upper leaves clasping by a 

 broad auricled base; pods densely tomentose or smooth, 2 to 4 lines in diameter, the wing 

 entire or crenate, veined and often perforate, emarginate at the top and tipped with the 

 purple style. The perforate-wing form called Lace-pod. 



2. T. laciniatus, Nutt. Smaller and more slender; the cauline leaves scarcely 

 auricled at the base; pods obovate, cuneate at the base, 2 to 3 lines long. 



Var. crenatus, Brewer. The broader wing deeply crenate or fringed. Fringe-pod. 



3. T. radians, Benth. Pods round, 4 to 5 lines in diameter, scarcely emarginate, 

 with a broad entire translucent wing conspicuously marked by radiating nerves. 



4. T. pusillus, Hook. May be known by its minute pods hirsute with hooked hairs. 



10. RAPHANUS, L. RADISH. 

 Coarse introduced annuals. 



1. R. sativus, L., has a pointed 2-seeded pod. 



2. R. Raphinistrum, L., has a necklace-shaped pod, long beaked, 1-9-seeded 



ORDER 7. CISTACE-E. 



Flowers perfect and regular. Sepals 5, persistent; and two of them smaller, wholly 

 exterior, and bract-like. Petals 5, usually ephemeral. Stamens indefinite, with filiform 

 filaments; anthers short. Style one. Capsule 3-valved. 



1. HELIANTHEMUM, Tourn. 



Petals broad. Stamens numerous (about 20). Style short; stigma 3-lobed. Low 

 branching herbs, or somewhat woody; flowers yellow, opening only once, in sunshine. 



1. H. scoparium, Nutt. Much branched, hairy or smooth, about a foot high; leaves 

 narrow, 4 to 12 lines long, alternate; flowers on slender pedicels, one or several termin- 

 ating the branches; petals 4 lines long. 



ORDER 8. VIOLACE.ffi. 



Herbs distinguished by the irregular one-spurred corolla of 5 petals, 5 stamens, adnate 

 introse anthers conniving over the pistil, which has a club-shaped style with a one sided 



