CAMPANULACEJS. (BELLFLOWER FAMILY.) G7 



of which grow within the limits of this Flora. Although the flower heads are frequently 

 large, the separate flowers, with but few exceptions, are too small to be examined with- 

 out the aid of a microscope skillfully used. The order is, therefore, far too difficult for 

 the beginner. 



ORDER LOBELIACE2E. Downingia elegans, Torr., and D.pulchella, Torr., are two beautiful plants 

 (the flowers resembling the cultivated Lobelias) sometimes cultivated under the name Clintonia, which 

 properly belongs to an endogenous herb. The former has light blue flowers; the latter , deep azure- 

 blue; both with white or yellowish centers. May be found in wet places. 



ORDER 32. CAMPANULACEJE. 



Eerbs with alternate leaves without stipules and regular flowers, having the calyx 

 adnate to the ovary, distinct stamens (5, rarely 4) inserted with the corolla, alternate 

 with its lobes. Calyx persistent. Stamens with introse anthers, opening in the bud. 

 Style single, its upper portion beset with hairs which collect the pollen, its summit 2-5- 

 lobed or cleft. 



* Ovary and capsule long and narrow. 



Capsule opening at the top; calyx-lobes long Githopsis. 1 



Capsule opening by 2 or 3 holes on the sides Specularia. 2 



* * Ovary and capsule short and broad, or globular. 



Capsule bursting indefinitely; calyx-lobes broad Heterocodon. 3 



Capsule opening on the sides by 3 to 5 holes; calyx-lobes narrow Campanula. 4 



1. GITHOPSIS, Nutt. 



Flowers all alike. Calyx with a clavate 10-ribbed tube, and 5 long and narrow folia- 

 ceous lobes. Corolla tubular-campanulate, 5-lobed. Filaments short, dilated at the base. 

 Ovary 3-celled; stigmas 3. Capsule strongly ribbed, crowned with the rigid calyx-lobes 

 of its own length or longer, opening between them by a round hole. 



1. G. specularioides, Nutt. An inch to a span high; leaves lanceolate-oblong or 

 linear, sessile, coarsely toothed; flowers erect, deep blue, usually with a white center; 

 the ovate lobes of the corolla about equaling the rigicfc calyx-lobes. 



2. SPECULARIA. Heister. 



Flowers in our species of two kinds; the lower and earlier usually with no corolla, 

 Calyx-tube prismatic or elongated-obconical ; the lobes 5, narrow. Corolla short and 

 broad, rotate when fully expanded, 5-lobed. Stigmas 3 or 2. Capsule opening by round 

 holes on the sides. 



1. S. biflora, Gr. Stems slender; leaves sessile, ovate or oblong, crenately toothed, the 

 upper reduced to lanceolate bracts; flowers 1, rarely 2, in each axil, nearly sessile; the 



