86 POPULAR FRUIT GROWING. 



Remedies. The best treatment is to prune away and burn the 

 infested wood in winter, but this is seldom entirely practicable 

 and we have largely to depend on natural remedies and on high 

 cultivation to enable the plant to resist the pest. 



San Jose Scale (Aspidiotus perniciosus). This is perhaps 

 the most insiduous and destructive of all our insect pests. In 

 appearance, it is nearly circular, about one-six- 

 teenth of an inch in diameter, dark brown in col- 

 or, with a darker spot in the center. It lives on 

 the bark of nearly all of our garden and lawn plants. 

 It is a sucking insect and moves only when very 

 young and then only for a short time, after which 

 it becomes fixed in place. Several generations are 

 produced each year. At the North many of the 

 scales die in winter but those left breed so fast 

 that they soon cover their host. It is probably 

 spread to young trees by the feet of birds, etc. 

 When this pest is discovered for the first time 

 some good expert in such matters should be con- 

 sulted. 



Remedies. The best remedies now known are 

 the lime and sulfur wash and some of the soluble 

 oils specially prepared for this purpose, the formula 

 for which will be found in the Appendix. 



Scurfy Bark Louse (Chionaspis furfurus) affects 

 the apple and pear. The life history of this insect 

 Bark" kSl is similar to that of otner sca] e insects. The fe- 

 in place on males are larger than the males, and oval; the 

 males are very small and slender. A branch in- 

 fested with this pest appears to be covered with whitish scurf 

 or dandruff. It is seldom very injurious. 



Remedies. The remedies for the San Jose Scale are effective 

 here but covering the branches with whitewash or lightly brush- 

 ing them with kerosene oil is extremely satisfactory. 



The Oyster-Shell Bark Louse (Lepidosaphes uli) is about 

 the color of the bark on which it grows. It is very injurious 

 where it occurs in great numbers. In appearance each scale 

 is long and shaped somewhat like an oyster. Its life history 



