INSECTS INJURIOUS TO FRUITS. 95 



tree should be used. The best form for this tent is bag shaped, 

 and large enough to easily take in the tree. The tent should 

 be fastened at the bottom to a hoop made of gas pipe. In 

 operating the hoop tent the hoop is lifted up on its edge close 

 to the tree and gradually lifted over it, the slender, long, side 

 branches being pushed up under the tent. When the tree is 

 finally enclosed, tobacco smoke is applied until the tent is filled 

 with smoke so thick that the hand cannot be seen before the 

 face; it is allowed to thus remain for fifteen minutes, which is 

 long enough to kill all the lice. There is no danger of injuring 

 the tree if the tobacco does not flame up. To prevent this, the 

 tobacco used should be dampened. The most convenient form 

 of tobacco to use is leaf stems which come from cigar factories 

 and can be obtained at a very low price. 



A tent that will answer the purpose very well may be made 

 out of two large pieces of cotton cloth supported on a light wood- 

 en frame. Where the trees are so very large that they require 

 a tent more than 14 feet in diameter, a piece of one-inch rope 

 will be found to work better than a gas pipe hoop to hold the 

 bottom of the tent. 



Other insects injurious to the plum include the peach borer, 

 leaf slug and flat headed borer which are described elsewhere. 

 Insects Injurious to the Cherry. 



The insects injurious to the cherry are about the same as 

 those injurious to the plum and include borers, curculio and 

 aphis. The cherry is also commonly injured by the leaf slug 

 which attacks, the pear. These insects may be found under 

 their respective heads. 



Insects Injurious to the Grape. 



Grape Vine Leaf Hoppers (Erythroneura vitis). These are 

 small, grayish insects that sometimes appear on our grape vines 

 in countless numbers. When abundant, if disturbed on a hot, 

 dry day, they appear in clouds, make a short flight and quickly 

 settle on the vines again. They breed most rapidly in hot, sum- 

 mer weather and do most injury to varieties having no down 

 on the under side of the leaves, such as the Clinton and Beta, 

 but may destroy the foliage of any kind. They are sucking in- 

 sects and cause the leaves to turn yellow and even finally dry up. 



