INSECTS INJURIOUS TO FRUITS. 99 



Remedies. Powdered hellebore, mixed with its bulk of flour, 

 may be dusted on the plants when the foliage is wet or it may 

 be used at the rate of one ounce of hellebore to a gallon of water 

 and be sprayed on the foliage. Used in either way it is a very 

 cheap, effective and easily applied remedy. But hellebore is 

 quite poisonous and is not safe to use when 

 the fruit is ripe, although no danger will 

 exist if several days should elapse after 

 the application before the fruit is gathered. 

 A light shower after the hellebore is applied 

 will remove all danger from it. Pyrethrum 

 insect powder is a good, safe and effective 

 remedy when applied just at night, but it is 

 very expensive and difficult to obtain of 

 good quality. Paris Green and arsenate of 

 lead make efficient remedies when proper- 

 ly applied and are most commonly used. 



Where these insects have made their 

 appearance, the first indication of them 

 should be watched for in following years 

 and great care taken to destroy the first 

 brood each season. It is a good plan to 

 begin spraying early, even if no worms 

 are seen. Growers of this fruit should be 

 very particular not to neglect the bushes 

 Bor . after the crop is gathered, for it is very 



er in its tunnel in important for the next year's crop that 

 the center of the ,..,,,, , ... 



cane, where pith has they should make a good growth of wood, 

 been eaten out. and neglecting them at this time often al- 



lows a crop of worms to mature and cause more extensive injury 

 the following year. The fly seems to prefer the foliage of na- 

 tive varieties of gooseberries, such as the Houghton seedling, 

 for its eggs and a few of these bushes may be planted among 

 the currants, when most of the worms can be destroyed on them 

 as soon as the eggs hatch. 



Imported Currant Borer (Sesia tipuliformis). In many 

 sections this insect in its larva state causes great injury to the 

 stems of the currant and gooseberry by so weakening them that 



