DWARF JUNEBERRY. 275 



the high bush blackberry canes at least once when two feet 

 high, as this encourages the low setting of the fruit buds. 



(c) Spring pruning should not be done until the blackberry 

 canes are in flower and the amount and location of bloom is 

 seen, otherwise too many fruiting canes may be removed and 

 thus no fruit left. As a rule, about one-half of the bloom should 

 be cut off in the pruning. 



(d) It is desirable to have a trellis for blackberries and 

 dewberries. 



Dwarf Juneberry. 



Dwarf Juneberry (Amelanchier canadensis, variety oblong- 

 ifoliaj. This is also called shad bush, service berry and suscu- 

 tan berry, native of the Northern states and far into western 

 Canada where in thickets it reaches the height of 16 feet and 

 produces heavy crops of large fruit that is much prized by the 

 settlers and Indians. 



There are several so-called varieties of it found in the 

 Northern states, one of which makes a small tree, but it is bet- 

 ter known in its dwarf form, which is so very distinct from 

 the tree form as to seem quite worthy of being made a separate 

 species. This latter form is quite abundant and occasionally 

 very productive. It is the selected kinds of it that are cultivat- 

 ed for fruit. It generally grows from four to six feet high; is 

 covered with a profusion of white flowers early in the spring, 

 and ripens its fruit in July with the raspberries. The berry 

 is of a purplish red color, often nearly one-half inch in diameter. 

 Figure 124 shows its size and form. Like the blueberries, the 

 quality of the fruit is sweet though rather tame, but by the ad- 

 dition of a little lemon juice it makes an excellent pie or sauce. 

 It is readily cultivated and yields regular and abundant crops. 

 However, when grown in a small way the fruit must be protect- 

 ed from the birds or they will take it as fast as it ripens. Mos- 

 quito netting, or the coarse wire netting such as is used 

 for chicken yards, is useful for this purpose. When grown on 

 a large scale, the depredation of the birds is not so apparent. 

 The plants are extremely hardy, seldom if ever being injured 

 by our most severe winters, and are healthy and free from 

 insect pests. On account of its many good qualities, it should 



