The regular use of trough food, mixed with salt, for young animals on such 

 pastures, would be quite free from any danger, and is certainly worth a trial. 



One more important preventive measure is commonly neglected, because it 

 does not seem to have any direct relation to the disease ; but experience has 

 shown that in all maladies which end in exhaustion liberal rations are most 

 essential. A full allowance of nutritious food does not, it is true, prevent the 

 entrance of young strongles into the bronchial tubes of the young cattle or 

 sheep ; but it has the effect of keeping the infested animals in good condition, 

 and enabling them to bear up against a debilitating disease. 



Remedies for the curative treatment of husk are held to be effectual in pro- 

 portion to their activity as vermecides ; but it must be understood that killing 

 the worms is not of much use when the malady has gone on to the debilitative 

 stage, and important changes have taken place in the lung structures. Never- 

 theless, it is good practice to proceed to use medicines which have a poisonous 

 action on the strongles in order to render it certain that they shall not remain 

 to increase the mischief. 



Oil of turpentine has always been estimated highly as a remedy for husk, 

 because, in addition to its properties as a vermifuge, it has a decided stimulant 

 and tonic effect upon the system. A dose of a teaspoonful to a tablespoonful, 

 according to the age and size of the animal to be treated, may be administered, 

 in combination with a mixture of eggs and milk, once or twice a day for a week, 

 and by the end of that time it may be expected that the strongles will be des- 

 troyed. Inhalation of the vapour of carbolic acid, or oil of tar, poured over a 

 hot tile is by some considered to be effectual, and occasionally success has 

 attended the use of the vapour of sulphur. This remedy, however, must be 

 used carefully, or it is probable that a number of young animals may be 

 suffocated. 



The most direct method of applying medicaments to the seat of the disease 

 is by injecting them into the trachea. Turpentine, chloroform, carbolic acid, 

 and creosote are used in this way singly or in combination with good effect, but 

 it is necessary for the success of the treatment that it be carried into effect 

 by an expert. The operation, although quite simple in the hands of a good 

 operator, is not safe for the amateur. 



NEMATODE WORMS are not so common in the digestive organs of cattle and 

 sheep as they are in the lungs. In calves there is found, especially in France, 

 a large nematode, which infests the fourth stomach, and sometimes causes 

 death. The worm is known as the Ascaris vituli. It is not recognised in this 

 country. 



Sheep surfer from a variety of strongle which attaches itself to the lining 

 membrane of the fourth stomach, and causes debility and emaciation. This 

 worm, Strongylus contortus, is a true bloodsucker, and sometimes causes an 

 epizootic among sheep closely resembling rot ; indeed, the two parasitic 

 diseases are easily confounded until a post-mortem examination reveals the 

 flukes in the liver in one case, and the strongles in the stomach in the other. 



It has been observed that during the prevalence of rot among sheep in wet 

 seasons many of the animals have died from the disease without any signs of 

 flukes in the liver. In these cases there is good reason to suspect that, if the 

 fourth stomach had been cut open, the true cause of death would have been 

 found in the presence of a large number of strongles in the fourth stomach. 



