MAMMOTHS AND MASTODONS. 



249 



GRINDER OP THE AFRICAN ELE- 

 PHANT. PLAN OF ENAMEL- 

 PLATES ON THE CROWN. 



GRINDER OF INDIAN ELEPHANT. 

 PLAN OF ENAMEL-PLATES ON 

 THE CROWN. 



on the crowns of the molar teeth (see cut). The Indian 

 elephant has an elongated 

 or pyramidally elevated 

 skull, small ears, and nar- 

 row, elongated figures, in- 

 closed by the plates of the 

 molars. Both species pos- 

 sess five toes on each foot, 

 but the Indian has only 

 four hoofs behind, and the 

 African three behind and 

 four anteriorly. The mam- 

 moth was larger than eith- 

 er. It differed from both 

 in the possession of a dense 

 clothing of hair. It resem- 

 bled the African species in the size of its tusks, and the 

 Indian in the figure of the vertical plates of the grind- 

 ers, and its smaller ears. 

 The tusks, however, were 

 larger, more widely 

 spread, and more exten- 

 sively curved, than those 

 of any living elephant, 

 and their enormous sock- 

 ets produced a marked elongation of the head. The occiput 

 was largely developed, and the forehead was concave and 

 nearly vertical. 



The mammoth must not be confounded with the mas- 

 todon. The size and general aspect of the latter were 

 extremely similar, though we have no evidence that it 

 was clothed with hair save the discovery of a few dun- 



GRINDER OF MAMMOTH. PLAN OF 

 ENAMEL-PLATES ON THE CROWN. 



