SCRUB PINE. 29 



Factor of stiffness (modulus of elasticity). 791,000 pounds to the square 

 inch, or 37 per cent that of longleaf pine (Sargent). 



Character and qualities. Wood medium heavy, soft, not strong, brittle ; sum- 

 merwood narrow and very resinous; resin passages numerous, prominent; 

 medullary rays numerous, thin; color, light orange, or yellow; the thick sap- 

 wood ivory white. 



Growth. Best developed trees attain a height of 60 to 75 feet and rarely 

 exceed 2 feet in diameter. 



SUPPLY AND USES. 



The sand pine is restricted in range and is usually small in size. 

 A little of it is cut for fuel for local use about plantations, but for 

 years it has given some service as masts for small vessels that fit out 

 on the Gulf coast near where it grows. It is reported from only two 

 States northern Florida and southern Alabama. There is no rea- 

 son to believe that the sand pine will ever become important. It with- 

 draws itself to sandy dunes and barren ridges, where it frequently 

 does not attain a height above 30 feet. 



SCRUB PINE (Pinus virginiana). 

 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES. 



Weight of dry wood. 33.19 pounds per cubic foot (Sargent). 



Specific gravity. 0.5309 (Sargent). 



Ash. 0.3 per cent of weight of dry wood (Sargent). 



Fuel value. 71 per cent that of white oak (Sargent). 



Breaking strength (modulus of rupture). 9,200 pounds per square inch, or 

 57 per cent that of longleaf pine (Sargent). 



Factor of stiffness (modulus of elasticity). 766,000 pounds per square inch, 

 or 36 per cent that of longleaf pine (Sargent). 



Character and qualities. Medium light, soft, not strong, brittle; wide- 

 ringed, compact ; grain fine and even ; summerwood narrow, very resinous ; 

 resin passages few, not prominent ; medullary rays numerous, thin ; color, light 

 orange, the thick sapwood nearly white ; not durable in contact with the soil. 



Growth. Height, 50 to 90 feet; diameter, 1 to 2 feet; in some parts of its 

 range it seldom attains to that size. 



SUPPLY. 



Scrub pine is not an important timber tree in either quality or 

 quantity. It is known as Jersey pine, shortshucks, shortschat, spruce 

 pine, shortleaved pine, cedar pine, river pine, nigger pine, and New 

 Jersey pine, and is found in a region embracing perhaps 100,000 

 square miles in Alabama, Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland. North 

 Carolina, New Jersey, Tennessee, and Virginia. In many parts of its 

 range the trees are small and few. In other portions, however, the 

 growth is heavy and the trees large enough for some of the common 

 and cheap grades of lumber. Estimates of the total available quan- 

 tity have not been made. In many localities it is regarded as an 

 encumbrance rather than an asset, yet that estimate of the tree's 



