14 USES OF COMMERCIAL WOODS OF THE UNITED STATES. 



houses, foundries, shops, roundhouses, breweries, cellars, bottling 

 works, and in many situations where heavy wear must be sustained 

 and liability to decay resisted. 



MISCELLANEOUS. 



Longleaf pine is largely employed in railroad water tanks, towers, 

 for windmills, and receptacles for liquids in factories and mills. 

 The tank itself and the stand on which it is placed are frequently of 

 this wood, but in tank building longleaf pine is not as extensively 

 used as cypress. 



Trunk makers use many woods in their business, and longleaf pine 

 has a prominent place, though its weight places it at a disadvantage 

 when competing with others. 



Excelsior cutters draw upon it for supplies, but it has no superior- 

 ity for that use over many other woods. 



A small quantity of longleaf pine is manufactured into pulp, the 

 material used for the most part being sawmill waste. At certain 

 plants in the South it appears that the process of making paper from 

 sawmill waste is becoming established on a successful basis. If so, 

 it means the extension of the pulp industry to the Southern States, 

 with longleaf pine as the raw material. 



The long, clear timbers cut from this pine are well adapted to the 

 manufacture of wooden pumps, and a considerable amount is so 

 used. 



Elevator builders draAv supplies from the longleaf lumber yards 

 of the South, where clear stock and exceptional lengths may be had. 



NAVAL STORES. 



Longleaf pine has held an important place in the production of 

 naval stores since the development of the country began. A cen- 

 tury ago Michaux listed the longleaf pine's products as " wood tur- 

 pentine, scrapings, spirits of turpentine, rosin, tar, and pitch." He 

 described turpentine as the raw resin that exuded from the wounds 

 in the trees; scrapings, as the dried substance that adhered to the 

 wounded surface; spirits of turpentine, as the product passing over 

 in distillation of turpentine ; rosin, the residuum of distillation ; tar, 

 the substance obtained by the destructive distillation of pine wood; 

 and pitch, the product obtained by boiling the tar. Longleaf pine 

 has been and still is nearly the entire source of these products. 



Immediately after settlements began on the Atlantic coa-st Great 

 Britain encouraged the development of the naval-stores industry. 

 Her ships demanded large quantities, and the supply then came from 

 the Baltic Provinces and from Russia. Monopoly, it was claimed, 

 raised the price, and in time of war there was danger that supplies 



