APACHE PINE. 75 



at present if a market for it were within reach. It is full of pitch and 

 burns quickly and brightly, but the range of the tree lies, for the most 

 part, remote from towns and factories, and it furnishes comparatively 

 little cordwood. A small quantity was formerly cut for poles on the 

 margins of elevated glades and natural meadows of the Sierras, and 

 Avas used for fencing corrals ; but it was not liked for this use as well 

 as the lodgepole pine, which very often could be had with no more 



labor. 



ARIZONA LONGLEAF PINE (Pinus mayriana). 



This tree's range lies in southern Arizona and New Mexico, and it 

 thrives at lower altitudes than the western yellow pine. It occupies 

 dry situations, and the trees are usually of less height and diameter 

 than the } T ellow pine, but the woods of the two species are much alike. 

 They are sawed, sold, and used without distinction. 



CHIHUAHUA PINE (Pinus chihuahuana). 

 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES. 



Weight of dry wood. 34.0 pounds per cubic foot (Sargent). 



Specific gravity. 0.55 (Sargent). 



Ash. 0.39 per cent of weight of dry wood (Sargent). 



Fuel value. 72 per cent that of white oak (Sargent). 



Breaking strength (modulus of rupture). 11,600 pounds per square inch, or 

 72 per cent that of longleaf pine (Sargent). 



Factor of stiffness (modulus of elasticity). 1,048,000 pounds per square inch, 

 or 49 per cent that of longleaf pine (Sargent). 



Character and qualities. Light, soft, rather strong, brittle, narrow-ringed com- 

 pact ; summerwood not broad, resinous, conspicuous ; resin passages few, rather 

 large, conspicuous; medullary rays numerous, thin; color clear light orange, 

 the thick sapwood lighter. 



Growth. Height, 50 to 80 feet ; diameter, 15 to 20 inches. 



The Chihuahua pine is found in commercial quantity, though not 

 in abundance, in southwestern New Mexico and southern Arizona. 

 Although the logs average rather small for profitable lumbering, such 

 lumber as is cut ranks with western yellow pine and is used for 

 similar purposes. In addition to this, it has considerable local value 

 as fuel and is employed about ranches for posts, sheds, and other 

 timbers. It occasionally finds employment as posts, props, and lag- 

 ging in mines. Estimates of stumpage for this species have not been 

 made, but the supply is not large. The tree reaches its typical de- 

 velopment at altitudes of from 5,000 to 7,000 feet above sea level. 



APACHE PINE (Pinus apacheca). 



This tree so closely resembles the western yellow pine in the region 

 where both occur that some are inclined to consider it a form of that 

 species. It is found in southeastern Arizona and is best developed 

 and most abundant in the Chiricahua Mountains. So far as it is put 

 to use, it passes for yellow pine. 



