352 SOME OTHER H1STOLOG1CAL METHODS. 



also gives rise to an analogous reaction, which is perhaps even 

 more demonstrative. 



PAULSEN (1. c., p. 520) confirms those observations, and adds 

 that by staining strongly in haematoxylin of Delafield (a 

 quarter of an hour in the undiluted solution, or twelve to 

 fifteen hours in a weak solution) there is obtained, besides 

 the stain of the nuclei, a specific stain of the loose reticulum 

 of mucus cells and goblet cells. 



The reactions appear to be different for different animals. 

 Thus PANETH (Arch. f. mik. Anat., xxxi, 1888, p. 113 et seq.) 

 found that in the small intestine of the mouse the contents of 

 goblet cells did not stain with Bohmer's hasmatoxylin. And 

 the goblet cells of the small intestine of man did not stain 

 with safranin. 



SUSSDOEF (Zeit. /. wiss. MiJc., vi, 2, 1889, p. 206) mentions special stains 

 of mucus cells obtained with methyl-violet, methyl-blue, and fuchsin. 



RANVIEE, in a paper too long to be abstracted here (Comptes rend., 1887, 

 3, p. 145 ; see also Zeit.f. loiss. Mik., v, 2, 1888, p. 233), describes a specific 

 reaction of perruthenic acid (Ru0 4 ) on goblet cells. By treating the 

 pharyngeal mucosa of the frog first for ten to twelve hours with vapour of 

 osmium, and then for three minutes with vapours of perruthenic acid, the 

 goblet cells are brought out with remarkable distinctness. The contained 

 mucigen is stained black, but the vacuoles arej unstained. Since perruthenic 

 acid is Yery rapidly reduced by organic matter, Ranvier regards this reaction 

 as a proof that the vacuoles do not contain any organic substance, but pro- 

 bably only water and inorganic salts. 



For detailed instructions for the study of goblet cells, sec 

 LIST, in Arch.f. mik. Anat., xxvii, 1886, p. 481. 

 See also ante, 232, 234, 239, 241, 242. 



700. Stomach Glands. MAX FLESCH (Zeit. f. wiss. Mik., 

 1885, p. 351) finds that no stain is equal to the carmine and 

 indigo-carmine mixture of Merkel ( 230) for differentiating 

 the divers cells of stomach-glands. 



701. Mucosa of Small Intestine (HEIDENHAIN, Pfluger'sArchiv; 

 xliii, Supp., 1888, p. 1; Zeit.f, wiss. Mik., v, 4, 1888, p. 519). 

 Amongst other valuable indications of a special nature, for 

 which I have unfortunately too little space, the following is 

 recommended as an excellent method for differentiating the 

 elements of the stroma of the villi. Portions of small intes- 

 tine arc fixed for twenty-four hours in saturated solution of 

 OOrrofelYe sublimate in 0'5 per cent; salt solution. They arc 



